ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Fluid availability, fatigue, and inhibition: neuromuscular responses of non-exercised skeletal muscle to load carriage in the heat.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo investigate the effects of water availability on neuromuscular performance of non-exercising muscles during loaded marching in the heat.
methodsTen physically active adults (7 men, 3 women; age 27.4 ± 6.8 y; body mass 76.6 ± 9.3 kg; V̇O2peak 58.6 ± 12.7 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) completed 2 × 60 min discontinuous loaded marches (3 × 20 min) in ~ 30 °C, ~ 60% RH while carrying ~ 10% body mass. Mean marching intensity was ~ 68% HRmax. In one trial, consumed water was ad libitum (DRINK); in the other, water was withheld (NO DRINK). Hydration, heart rate (HR), and thermoregulatory responses (heart rate, core and mean skin temperature) were monitored. Neuromuscular performance of non-exercising muscles (handgrip strength, bite force), thermal sensation (TS), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed pre, during, and post march.
resultsPercentage body-mass loss was 0.9% (DRINK) vs. 1.6% (NO DRINK; p > 0.05). Sweat rate was higher in DRINK (1.61 ± 0.36 vs. 1.22 ± 0.21 l·h⁻¹; p = 0.006). HR and core temperature rose with workload but did not differ between conditions. TS and RPE were higher in NO DRINK with elevated blood lactate (p < 0.05). Handgrip declined across trials (~ 7%, non-significant), and bite force was unchanged (p > 0.38).
conclusionWithholding water during a 1 h loaded march in heat, TS and RPE but did not impair cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, or the neuromuscular performance of non-exercising muscles. Under these conditions, water restriction did not compromise non-exercising muscle function despite greater perceived effort.
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