Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41343062›Full record

ArticlePediatric radiology2026

Discrepancies between primary and secondary interpretations of pediatric nuclear medicine imaging examinations.

Peter Hoeksema, Shireen Hayatghaibi, Susan E Sharp, Yinan Li, Christopher G Anton, Robin E Norris, Andrew T Trout

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Peter HoeksemaDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA.
Shireen HayatghaibiDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA.
Susan E SharpDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA.
Yinan LiDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA.
Christopher G AntonDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA.
Robin E NorrisDivision of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA.
Andrew T TroutDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 5031, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA. andrew.trout@cchmc.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRequests for secondary interpretation of imaging examinations adds clinical work and generates additional charges.

objectiveTo understand the impact of secondary interpretations of pediatric nuclear medicine examinations at a quaternary academic center. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn this IRB approved study, we retrospectively reviewed nuclear medicine examinations submitted for secondary interpretation by a pediatric radiologist with a nuclear medicine focus at our institution between 08/2019 and 08/2024. A single reviewer compared the primary and secondary reports to identify discrepancies that would likely impact clinical management, and discrepancies were confirmed by additional reviewers. Pediatric hematology/oncology faculty (n=29) and fellows (n=18) at our institution were surveyed to understand requests for, and the impact of, secondary interpretations. Results are summarized with descriptive statistics.

resultsThree hundred fifty-eight examinations (median patient age=8 years) were included, 237 were

conclusionSecondary interpretation of pediatric nuclear medicine examinations by pediatric radiologists with nuclear medicine focus resulted in changes that have potential impact on clinical management in 17% of cases. Secondary interpretations completely changed the impression regarding the presence or absence of malignant disease in 40% of these cases. Referring providers identified benefit in secondary interpretations even when they confirmed the primary impression.

Indexed as

Nuclear MedicineAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMalePediatricsRadiopharmaceuticalsRetrospective StudiesRadiopharmaceuticalsDiscrepanciesImagingPediatric nuclear medicine

Identifiers

PMID41343062
PMCPMC12881077

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.