ArticleSkeletal radiology2026
Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of ultrasound imaging in primary adhesive capsulitis diagnosis.
Article in Skeletal radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveCompare the ultrasound findings in primary adhesive capsulitis and a control group to determine the sonographic diagnostic performance. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective single-center study compared US findings in patients with a clinical and MRI diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and a control group of consecutive patients. The US findings were as follows: coracohumeral ligament thickening, increased tissue and vascularity of the rotator interval, axillary recess thickening and hypervascularity, and subacromial gliding. Ultrasound findings were evaluated by Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05).
resultsThe mean (± SD) thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (2.3 ± 0.6 vs 1.6 ± 0.3; p < 0.001) was significantly greater in the adhesive capsulitis group (n = 61) than in the control group (n = 69). A cut-off value of 1.6 mm (AUC 0.963, 95% CI 0.934-0.992), yielded 90.2% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. In the rotator interval, the presence of tissue (72.1% vs 11.6%; p < 0.001) and hypervascularity (8.2% vs 0%, p < 0.02) were significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. In the axillary recess, the mean thickness in the axial (4.7 ± 1.3 vs 1.4 ± 0.4; p < 0.001) and longitudinal plane (4.4 ± 1.2 vs 1.4 ± 0.5; p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the adhesive capsulitis group. A cut-off value of 3 mm (AUC 1) obtained 100% sensitivity and specificity. Increased Doppler flow in the axillary recess (9.8% vs 0%, p < 0.009) and limited subacromial gliding (93.4% vs 2.9%; p < 0.001) were also associated with adhesive capsulitis.
conclusionSeveral ultrasound findings are typical in primary adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, ultrasound can be considered the first diagnostic tool.
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