ArticleJournal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners2026
Underrated risk: Food insecurity and distress of Filipino Americans with hypertension in a primary care setting.
Article in Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFilipino Americans experience disproportionately high rates of hypertension and remain understudied in health disparities research. Although food insecurity (FI) is a recognized social determinant of health, its influence on psychological distress and chronic illness in this population is not well understood. PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship between FI and psychological distress among Filipino Americans with hypertension, guided by an adapted Minority Stress Model. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted with 135 Filipino American adults recruited from a primary care clinic in Southern Nevada. Participants completed validated instruments assessing both FI and psychological distress. FI was measured using a standardized FI scale, whereas psychological distress was assessed using the Distress Thermometer and Problem List. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and nonparametric tests.
resultsIncome level was the only demographic variable significantly associated with FI ( p = .0002). Food-insecure participants reported higher distress (median score = 4) than food-secure peers (median score = 2, p < .001). After adjusting for age, gender, and income, FI remained strongly associated with sleep problems (OR = 3.4, p = .008), worry (OR = 3.83, p = .009), and sadness (OR = 3.85, p = .02). No significant associations were found between FI and other physical symptoms.
conclusionsFood insecurity is a critical psychosocial stressor linked to increased psychological distress among Filipino Americans with hypertension. IMPLICATIONS: Nurse practitioners and primary care providers should incorporate culturally responsive, community-engaged approaches when screening for both FI and psychological distress in this population.
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