Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41341000›Full record

Article3D printing and additive manufacturing2025

Effect of Sandblasting Process on 3D Printed Intervertebral Cage.

Dongmei Yu, Suhua Wu, Shusen Bao, Li Yao, Zhen Tang, Jungang Zhao, Zhigang Wu, Hai Huang, Xiaokang Li, Zheng Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in 3D printing and additive manufacturing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Dongmei YuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Suhua WuDepartment of Product Research and Development, Wedo (Xian) Bio-Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Shusen BaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Li YaoDepartment of Product Research and Development, Wedo (Xian) Bio-Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Zhen TangDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Jungang ZhaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Zhigang WuDepartment of Orthopaedics, The 63750 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Hai HuangDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Xiaokang LiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Zheng GuoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9730-5914

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To meet the growing requirement of spinal interbody fusion caused by trauma and disease, 3D printed porous titanium alloy scaffolds were applied as intervertebral cages to achieve structural reconstruction of bone defects. However, the biological inert of the titanium alloy hindered firm bonding between the bone and porous scaffold. Surface roughness that resulted from sandblasting treatment with alumina sand grains could endow the titanium alloy scaffold with bioactivity. Minimum and maximum-type cervical and posterior lumbar cages were used to optimize the sandblasting process, achieving an adequate and uniform sandblasting effect. The optimized sandblasting process parameters were as follows: alumina sand grains of 100 mesh, sandblasting distance of 10 cm, sandblasting pressure of 0.4-0.5 MPa, and sandblasting time of 15-20 s.

Indexed as

3D printingintervertebral cageporous titanium alloy scaffoldprocess optimizationsandblasting treatment

Identifiers

PMID41341000
PMCPMC12670702

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.