Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41339990›Full record

ArticleBehavior research methods2025

The effect of pupil size on data quality in head-mounted eye trackers.

Mohammadhossein Salari, Diederick C Niehorster, Marcus Nyström, Roman Bednarik

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Article in Behavior research methods, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mohammadhossein SalariSchool of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland. mohammadhossein.salari@uef.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6627-960X
Diederick C NiehorsterLund University Humanities Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-8756
Marcus NyströmLund University Humanities Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-9012
Roman BednarikSchool of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland. roman.bednarik@uef.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-3520

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Changes in pupil size can lead to apparent gaze shifts in data recorded with video-based eye trackers in the absence of physical eye rotation. This is known as the pupil-size artifact (PSA). While the PSA is widely reported in desktop eye trackers, it is unknown whether and to what extent it occurs in head-mounted eye trackers. In this paper, we examined the effects of pupil size variations on eye-tracking data quality in four head-mounted eye trackers: the Pupil Core, the Pupil Neon, the SMI ETG 2w, and the Tobii Pro Glasses 2, in addition to a widely used desktop eye tracker, the SR Research EyeLink 1000 Plus. Participants viewed a central target on a monitor while we systematically varied the screen brightness to induce controlled pupil size changes. All head-mounted eye trackers exhibited PSA, with apparent gaze shifts ranging from 0.94

Indexed as

Data AccuracyEye-Tracking TechnologyPupilAdultArtifactsEye MovementsFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultData qualityEye trackingHead-mounted eye trackersPupil size artifact (PSA)

Identifiers

PMID41339990
PMCPMC12675653

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.