In one paragraphArticle in Research square, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
12 authors.
Andrzej Z WasilczukNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1492-2319 Daiki TakekawaNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4005-9536 Joseph CichonNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4318-9707 Xiaoyan ZhangNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ethan B BlackwoodNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3049-0640 Jeffrey Parra-MunevarDepartment of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-4606-3724 Mean-Hwan KimSynapse and Circuits Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea.
William SpainDepartment of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Aaron J KromNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0266-4957 Max B KelzNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2803-6078 Nikolai DembrowDepartment of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7699-6591 Alex ProektNeuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9272-5337 Funding
Auditory Neuroscience Traning ProgramT32DC005361 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Adrian KC Lee, DAVID J PERKEL · 2002 to 2026
$8.8MGraduate Training in NeuroscienceT32NS105607 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Marc V Fuccillo, Minghong Ma · 2018 to 2026
$5.4MPhysician Postdoctoral Research Training in Perioperative Medicine (PPRTPM)T32GM112596 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Roderic G Eckenhoff, Max Kelz · 2015 to 2026
$3.4MBrain Wide Anesthetic-Active Neuronal NetworkR01GM151556 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Alexander Proekt · 2023 to 2026
$2.2MPersonalized Anesthetic Pharmacology Across the LifespanR01GM144377 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI KELZ, MAX · 2021 to 2024
$2.1MCellular and circuit mechanisms of the therapeutic action of inhaled nitrous oxide in rodent models of chronic stressR35GM151160 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI JOSEPH CICHON · 2023 to 2026
$1.7MNIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC005361NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM144377NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM151556NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM151160NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM112596NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS105607
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
The cortical mechanisms that actively suppress consciousness remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a specific subset of prefrontal cortical (PFC) neurons preferentially active under anesthesia while most neurons are suppressed. Chemogenetic activation of these excitatory neurons enhances anesthetic potency and deepens NREM sleep, whereas their inhibition blunts anesthetic effects. We identify these NREM and Anesthesia Promoting (NAP) neurons as PFC Layer 5 extratelencephalic (L5 ET) neurons. Remarkably, NAPs have sparse cortical projections and predominately communicate with subcortical nuclei including anterior and reticular thalamic nuclei, hypothalamus, and claustrum. We identify a transgenic mouse line that labels L5 ET neurons and verify that PFC L5 ET neurons are uniquely activated under anesthesia. Furthermore, we show that activation of PFC L5 ET neurons promotes deep NREM sleep. These findings identify a unique excitatory PFC circuit that promotes both naturally-occurring and drug-induced unconsciousness, with implications for both sleep regulation and anesthetic action.
Identifiers
PMID41333446
PMCPMC12668140
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