Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41332332›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Epidermal Cell Dynamics Regulates Rice Lamina Joint Morphogenesis and Leaf Angle Formation through OsZHD1 and OsZHD2 Regulation.

Yiru Xu, Heng Zhou, Xiaojiang Wu, Wuyu Cui, Shouling Xu, Xi He, Dan Xiang, Ming Zhou, Xiuqin Rao, Lilan Hong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yiru XuKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Heng ZhouKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Xiaojiang WuThe Advanced Seed Institute, National Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding and Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Wuyu CuiKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Shouling XuKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Xi HeKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Dan XiangKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Ming ZhouState Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
Xiuqin RaoCollege of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Lilan HongKey Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-7534

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32270867Startup Foundation for Hundred-Talent Program of Zhejiang University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lamina joint is a critical determinant of leaf angle and crop architecture. While epidermal cells play a fundamental role in organ morphogenesis, influencing the overall shape and function of plants, their impact on lamina joint morphology has been largely overlooked. A live-imaging system for the rice lamina joint epidermis is established in this study, enabling precise tracking of cellular dynamics during leaf angle formation. It is found that asymmetric elongation between the lateral and medial edges, determined by spatial differences in the longitudinal elongation and number of epidermal cells, is a key factor in leaf angle formation. Mutations in the homeobox genes OsZHD1 and OsZHD2 disrupt the growth patterns of lamina joint epidermal cells, resulting in a decreased leaf angle. Epidermis-specific restoration of OsZHD1 expression rescues the reduced leaf angle phenotype of oszhd1 oszhd2, confirming the pivotal role of epidermal development in lamina joint morphogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that OsZHD1 and OsZHD2 regulate auxin activity, which modulates leaf angle by restricting lamina joint epidermal growth. This study underscores the significance of epidermal cells in shaping the lamina joint and elucidates the critical role of OsZHD1 and OsZHD2 in regulating epidermal cell behavior and leaf angle formation.

Indexed as

MorphogenesisOryzaPlant EpidermisPlant LeavesPlant ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, PlantPlant Proteinsepidermislamina jointorgan morphogenesisOsZHDplant architecture

Identifiers

PMID41332332
PMCPMC12903967

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.