SynthesisBMC public health2025
Global prevalence and incidence of precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bibliometric and LDA analysis of the correlation between childhood obesity and precocious puberty (2005-2025).Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Rising incidence of central precocious puberty in Thailand: a nationwide population-based study before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2024).Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2026Article
- Digital Handholding: The Role of Mobile Decision Support in Early and Delayed Puberty Assessment in Pediatric Practice.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Development of a parsimonious predictive model for height gain outcome in children with central precocious puberty following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Precocious puberty in boys: current insights into etiology, genetic advances, and environmental factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Hypothalamic neuroimmune remodeling as an immunometabolic bridge between childhood obesity and earlier pubertal onset.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Syndrome differentiation and treatment of pediatric central precocious puberty: role of the spleen-kidney axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Unveiling the gut: microbiota and derived metabolites' role in the rising tide of precocious puberty.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The diagnostic value and optimal cutoff of basal luteinizing hormone for central precocious puberty in premenarcheal girls stratified by weight status.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Early-life obesity as a risk factor for central precocious puberty - A commentary on "Incidence of central precocious puberty and the role of body mass index in Korea".Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe significant rise in precocious puberty rates over recent decades has adversely impacted children's health, spurring numerous epidemiological studies. However, prevalence and incidence estimates vary widely across regions and lack a comprehensive global perspective. Therefore, we estimated the global prevalence and incidence of precocious puberty among children.
methodsWe comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to February 2024 for articles reporting the prevalence or incidence of precocious puberty. For studies based on cross-sectional surveys, we used a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of precocious puberty in girls and boys. The 95% CI was calculated using the inverse-variance method, which accounts for both within-study and between-study variability. Subgroup analyses considered socioeconomic and individual characteristics. For studies based on medical registration data, we described the results individually due to significant heterogeneity, rather than pooling the data.
resultsOf 8737 articles identified, 27 were included. Survey-based studies showed pooled prevalence estimates of 7.87% (95% CI: 5.90%-9.84%) for girls and 3.98% (95% CI: 2.70%-5.25%) for boys. European and the United States studies were generally conducted earlier than those in Asia. Older and obese children exhibited significantly higher prevalence. Registry-based studies reported overall prevalence ranging from 37 to 935.1 per 100,000 girls and from 0.46 to 37.4 per 100,000 boys, with incidence ranging from 1.123 to 489.3 per 100,000 girls and from 0.096 to 22.4 per 100,000 boys.
conclusionsThis study synthesized the global prevalence and incidence of precocious puberty, offering valuable insights for public health awareness and policy-making. Further research is needed to enhance understanding of the condition and to guide targeted interventions.
trial registrationPROSPERO number: CRD42024508384.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.