ArticleGut pathogens2025
High resolution melting real-time PCR for genotyping of Giardia lamblia assemblages A and B regardless of parasite load.
Article in Gut pathogens, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Giardia lamblia is a globally distributed fecal-oral transmitted enteroparasite. G. lamblia is phylogenetically divided into assemblages A to H. Assemblages A and B have high zoonotic potential, as reported in humans and other animals, including dogs and cats. Currently, G. lamblia genotyping is performed using gene sequencing, which is an expensive technique, especially in developing countries where higher frequencies of the protozoan have been reported. Real-time PCR with High Resolution Melting (qPCR-HRM) is a sensitive method for detecting polymorphisms and is used for differentiate species, subspecies, and assemblages. This study aimed to standardize and validate the qPCR-HRM technique for genotyping G. lamblia in human fecal samples, regardless of the parasite load. qPCR-HRM was standardized using the β-giardin target, and validation was performed using DNA extracted from fecal samples (n = 76). Sanger sequencing of the same genetic target was used the gold standard. Genotyping of the samples (assemblages A and B) was performed using both techniques, and qPCR-HRM demonstrated 98.08% concordance with the sequencing results. Only one sample showed a discrepancy in the assemblage determination between the techniques. DNA sequencing failed to characterize 24 samples from patients with low or moderate parasite loads. Thus, qPCR-HRM successfully differentiate 23 samples into assemblage A and one as assemblage B. In this context, when compared to sequencing, the qPCR-HRM technique proved to be effective for genotyping G. lamblia, even in samples with a low parasite load, with the potential to significantly reduce execution time and financial investment required to identify G. lamblia assemblages. This tool can be strategic for strengthening public health policies for the surveillance and control of giardiasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.