Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41331573›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2025

Data-driven phenotypic profiling of prediabetes reveals heterogeneous cardiometabolic risks in Chinese adults.

Xiaojing Jia, Shuangyuan Wang, Jinfeng Wang, Yilan Ding, Mian Li, Yiting Lin, Ruizhi Zheng, Feiyue Huang, Huapeng Wei, Chunyan Hu and 42 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

52 authors.

Xiaojing Jia *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shuangyuan Wang *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jinfeng Wang *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yilan Ding *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Mian Li *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yiting Lin *Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ruizhi ZhengDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Feiyue HuangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Huapeng WeiDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chunyan HuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yu XuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hong LinDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Min XuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Tiange WangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hong QiaoThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Guijun QinThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Yingfen QinThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Xulei TangThe First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Zhen YeZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
Ruying HuZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
Lixin ShiThe Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China.
Qing SuXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xuefeng YuTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Li YanSun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Qin WanThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Gang ChenFujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Zhengnan GaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Guixia WangThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Feixia ShenThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xuejiang GuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zuojie LuoThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Li ChenQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Xinguo HouQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Qiang LiThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yanan HuoJiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Yinfei ZhangCentral Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China.
Tianshu ZengUnion Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Chao LiuJiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Youmin WangThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Shengli WuKaramay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China.
Tao YangThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Huacong DengThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Donghui LiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Shenghan LaiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Lulu ChenUnion Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Jiajun ZhaoShandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Yiming MuChinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Guang NingDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yufang BiDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. byf10784@rjh.com.cn.
Weiqing WangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. wqingw61@163.com.
Jieli LuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. jielilu@hotmail.com.
4C study author

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2505202National Major Science and Technology Projects 2023ZD0508902National Natural Science Foundation of China 82170819, 82370810National Natural Science Foundation of China 82200998Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality 23Y11908400Shanghai Municipal Health Commission 202340084
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe heterogeneous and complex nature of prediabetes presents a major challenge in identifying individuals predisposed to developing incident diabetes and related complications. We aimed to identify phenotypic subgroups of prediabetes at risk and to explore their distinct associations with cardiometabolic outcomes.

methodsThis study included 79,000 individuals with prediabetes from the three large-scale prospective cohorts in China. Phenotypic heterogeneity was identified using a soft-clustering algorithm based on the proximity network derived from uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), combined with graph-clustering and Gaussian mixture models. Associations between phenotype probabilities and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and kidney events were assessed to evaluate risk differences across the identified profiles.

resultsSix phenotypic profiles were identified, including five with distinct metabolic features (representing ~ 70% of the total population), and one without significant features. These profiles demonstrated substantial differences in both baseline cardiometabolic burden and future disease risk. For instance, individuals with a 20% higher probability of belonging to the hypertensive profile had a 9, 6, and 12% higher risk of T2D, CVD, and CKD, respectively, while the profile with high lipids, creatinine, and liver enzyme was associated with an 10% increased risk of T2D and kidney events. Moreover, incorporating phenotypic probabilities into multivariable models significantly improved the prediction of disease risks (likelihood ratio test, P < 0.05).

conclusionsPrediabetes exhibits substantial phenotypic heterogeneity, and delineation of distinct metabolic profiles enables refined risk stratification and informs precision prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Prediabetic StateAdultAgedBiomarkersCardiometabolic Risk FactorsChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPhenotypePrognosisBiomarkersCardiovascular diseaseClusteringDiabetesHeterogeneityKidney eventsPrediabetes

Identifiers

PMID41331573
PMCPMC12777505

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