ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2025
Risk factor analysis of long-term outcomes in patients with large intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage treated primarily with combined external ventricular drainage and intraventricular thrombolysis.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeSurgical outcomes are typically poor for patients with spontaneous large intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicated by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The optimal treatment strategy remained undetermined -either external ventricular drainage (EVD) alone or in combination with craniotomy. Here, we evaluated shunt-related complications of such patients treated primarily with EVD combined with intraventricular thrombolysis, aiming to provide evidence that may lead to future treatment guidelines. MATERIALS AND
methodsFrom January 2010 to December 2021, a total of 114 patients with spontaneous large ICH (> 30 mL) extending into the ventricular system treated only primarily with EVD and intraventricular thrombolysis were retrospectively enrolled. Hematoma and ventricular volumes were assessed based on imaging data. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters-including biochemistry and cell counts-were analyzed in relation to permanent shunt dependency and one-year mortality.
resultsThe mean age of the patients was 67.6 ± 11 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1. Their mean best Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) motor score was 3.7 ± 1.9. Mean ICH/IVH volume was 70.9 ± 47 mL. Average daily CSF drainage was 104 ± 52.2 mL, with a mean drainage duration of 16.5 ± 9.4 days. The average number of EVD replacements was 1.9 ± 0.8. WBC/RBC counts(/mm
conclusionThe prolonged and repeated use of external ventricular drainage (EVD) in patients with large intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicated by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) appears to be a practical and recognizable treatment approach. Early identification of imaging and CSF markers would likely help optimize management strategy for this high-risk population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.