Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41331452›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2025

Extracellular vesicle-derived miR21 of non-tumoral origin as early diagnostic marker of glioma.

Mariassunta De Luca, Arianna Rinaldi, Arianna Ioni, Anaïs Oudin, Andrea Scafidi, Aurélie Poli, Laura Vilardo, Anna Golebiewska, Igea D'Agnano, Alessandro Michelucci and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mariassunta De LucaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy.
Arianna RinaldiDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy.
Arianna IoniDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy.
Anaïs OudinNORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg.
Andrea ScafidiNeuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg.
Aurélie PoliNeuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg.
Laura VilardoInstitute of Biomedical Technologies, CNR, Segrate, MI, 20054, Italy.
Anna GolebiewskaNORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg.
Igea D'AgnanoInstitute of Biomedical Technologies, CNR, Segrate, MI, 20054, Italy.
Alessandro MichelucciNeuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-1210, Luxembourg.
Cristina LimatolaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Rome, 00185, Italy.
Myriam CatalanoDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy. myriam.catalano@uniroma1.it.

Funding

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro AIRC2019-IG23010Italian Ministry of Health (PNC SALUTE - D3 4 Health - Digital Driven Diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics for sustainable Health care - PNC0001, Spoke 3 Linea tematica 2, CUP B53C22006120001Italian Ministry of Health PON "RICERCA E INNOVAZIONE" 2014-2020 - AZIONE IV.4 "DOTTORATI E CONTRATTI DI RICERCA SU TEMATICHE DELL'INNOVAZIONE"Italian Ministry of University and Research PRIN-PNRR-P2022X5ESCSapienza University of Rome RG123188B4236B9C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are key elements in intercellular communication and are released into body fluids by all cells in physiological and pathological conditions. In brain tumors, EVs facilitate the bidirectional communication between neoplastic cells and the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor progression and immune evasion. Among the various components of the EVs, microRNAs (miRs) act as potent regulators of gene expression. In particular, miR21 has gained attention as both a promising diagnostic biomarker and a key contributor to GBM progression.

methodsThis study employed content analysis of miRs in EVs isolated from the brain, plasma, and urine of glioma-bearing mice.

resultsSeven days after glioma cell injection, miR21 was the most highly expressed miR in both the brain and biofluids. Notably, its overexpression was particularly prominent in medium/large EVs. Co-culture experiments revealed that the early source of this marker is primarily microglia, rather than tumor cells.

conclusionThese data point out the potential of miR21 as early biomarker for glioma diagnosis and disease monitoring, emphasizing the role of non-tumoral cells, particularly microglia, as rapidly reacting elements in the context of gliomas.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBrain NeoplasmsExtracellular VesiclesGliomaMicroRNAsAnimalsCell Line, TumorCoculture TechniquesHumansMaleMiceMicrogliaBiomarkers, TumorMicroRNAsExtracellular vesiclesGliomaLiquid biopsyMicrogliaMiR21

Identifiers

PMID41331452
PMCPMC12673766

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.