ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2025
Severity of Alcohol-Related Hospitalizations Following the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAlcohol use and alcohol-attributable hospitalizations increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, whether hospitalizations were more severe during the pandemic years is unknown.
objectiveTo examine the severity of alcohol-related hospitalizations following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
designWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of alcohol-attributable hospital admissions between March 2016 and February 2022 in Ontario, Canada.
participantsUsing established databases, we identified residents aged 18 to 105 years with an alcohol-related hospital admission. We excluded patients with a missing or invalid health card and non-Ontario residents. EXPOSURE: The primary exposure was the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020). The study period included two phases: before the pandemic (2016 to 2020) and during the pandemic (2020 to 2022). MAIN MEASURES: We used generalized estimating equations with a negative binomial distribution to compare the average length of stay and other secondary outcomes (critical care admissions, in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, 1-year mortality, 30-day readmission) during the two study periods. KEY
resultsWe identified 107,030 hospitalizations in the pre-pandemic period and 57,971 in the pandemic period. The mean length of hospital stay was 13.1 days (standard deviation [SD] 43.3) before the pandemic, and 12.1 days (SD 29.7) during the pandemic. After adjustment, length of stay was marginally shorter during the pandemic (relative risk [RR] 0.94; 0.91 to 0.97), driven by shorter mental health admissions. Compared to pre-pandemic, admissions during the pandemic were characterized by an increased risk of 30-day mortality (aRR 1.09; 1.04 to 1.14), 1-year mortality (aRR 1.13; 1.08 to 1.18), 30-day readmission (aRR 1.09; 1.06 to 1.14), and a decreased risk of ICU admission (aRR 0.95; 0.93 to 0.98).
conclusionsCompared to alcohol-related hospitalizations pre-pandemic, hospital length of stay during the pandemic was slightly shorter. Admissions in more recent years were associated with other increased risks of re-admission and mortality.
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