ArticleNature neuroscience2026
The regulatory code of injury-responsive enhancers enables precision cell-state targeting in the CNS.
Article in Nature neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms in traumatic brain injury: a focus on astrocytes and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Multi-omics mapping identifies a C/EBPβ-S100a4⁺ macrophage axis as a therapeutic target in acute spinal cord injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Enhancer elements direct cell-type-specific gene expression programs. After injury, cells change their transcriptional state to adapt to stress and initiate repair. Here we investigate how injury-induced transcriptional programs are encoded within enhancers in the mammalian CNS. Leveraging single-nucleus transcriptomics and chromatin accessibility profiling, we identify thousands of injury-induced, cell-type-specific enhancers in the mouse spinal cord after a contusion injury. These are abundant in glial cells and retain cell-type specificity, even when regulating shared wound response genes. By modeling glial injury-responsive enhancers using deep learning, we reveal that their architecture encodes cell-type specificity by integrating generic stimulus response elements with cell identity programs. Finally, through in vivo enhancer screening, we demonstrate that injury-responsive enhancers can selectively target reactive astrocytes across the CNS using therapeutically relevant gene delivery vectors. Our decoding of the principles of injury-responsive enhancers enables the design of sequences that can be programmed to target disease-associated cell states.
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