ArticlePLOS global public health2025
Structural quality of health facilities to provide family planning services in Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2021-22 Ethiopia Service Provision Assessment survey.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The structural quality of family planning services reflects the capacity of health facilities to deliver effective care through adequate infrastructure, supplies, commodities, and trained personnel. While some evidence exists, recent national-level estimates of structural quality in Ethiopia remain limited. This study addresses this gap by assessing the overall structural quality of family planning services and the factors influencing it. Using data from the 2021-22 Ethiopia Service Provision Assessment survey, we assessed the structural quality across four domains: availability of trained staff, family planning guidelines, contraceptives, and equipment and supplies, aggregated into a composite score ranging from 0 to 100%. A survey-weighted multiple linear regression model was applied to assess associations between structural quality and facility characteristics, management factors, and regional variation. Among 1,102 health facilities, the estimated overall structural quality score for family planning services was 42.4% (95% CI: 41.2% to 43.6%). The availability of family planning guidelines, trained staff, equipment and supplies, and contraceptives was 55.9%, 24.1%, 45.6%, and 44.1%, respectively. Structural quality was 18.4% lower in private clinics (95% CI: -25.1% to -11.7%) and 17.0% lower in health posts (95% CI: -24.3% to -9.6%) compared to hospitals. Compared to metropolitan regions, the score was 12.4% lower in Gambela (95% CI: -20.3% to -4.6%) and 13.5% higher in Benishangul Gumuz (95% CI: 4.2% to 22.7%). Facilities that received external supervision in the past six months had 4.9% (95% CI: 0.1% to 9.7%) higher structural quality than those without supervision. Overall, the structural quality of facilities providing family planning services in Ethiopia remains suboptimal, with notable variations by facility type, region, and supervision status. Strengthening facility readiness, especially in underperforming settings, and ensuring regular supervision are essential to improving the capacity of facilities to deliver effective family planning services and advance progress toward Family Planning 2030 commitments.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.