Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41329438›Full record

ReviewHealth & justice2025

The role of digital and algorithm-based alert systems in policing mental health crises: a scoping review.

Therese Bäckman, Elin Sandegård, Charlotta Thodelius

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Health & justice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Therese BäckmanFaculty of Police Work, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden. therese.backman@hb.se.
Elin SandegårdDepartment of Law, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Charlotta ThodeliusFaculty of Police Work, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis scoping review explores how police and health care use digital and algorithm-based alert systems to flag individuals with mental illness. Eight studies were included, covering both police systems and health care-initiated systems to alert law enforcement.

resultThe findings suggest that digital and algorithm-based alert systems can support decision-making and improve police interactions with individuals experiencing mental health issues. However, in health care settings the systems are motivated by workplace safety concerns and in policing from an efficiency perspective, stressing collaborative crisis response between police and health care services. Additionally, information sharing and collaboration between police and health care services benefit from such technology. However, the use of these systems also raises ethical concerns and risks of potential stigmatization.

conclusionThe review highlights the importance of balancing efficiency and ethical consideration when implementing digital and algorithm-based alert systems in mental-health related policing. Thereto forthcoming studies need to consider if and how frontline policing will benefit from digital and algorithm-based alert systems.

Indexed as

Digital alert systemInformation sharingMental illnessPolicing

Identifiers

PMID41329438
PMCPMC12670760

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.