Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41327784›Full record

GuidelineArthritis care & research2026

Clinical Practice Guideline for Evaluation and Management of Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations in Sjögren's Disease.

Anahita Deboo, Robert Fox, Katherine M Hammitt, Julie Frantsve-Hawley, Matthew C Baker, Stamatina Danielides, Eduardo De Sousa, Brent P Goodman, Jennifer K King, Steven Mandel and 10 more

Abstract readPractice Guideline
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in Arthritis care & research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Anahita DebooLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Robert FoxScripps Memorial Hospital and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California.
Katherine M HammittSjögren's Foundation, Reston, Virginia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-597X
Julie Frantsve-HawleySjögren's Foundation, Reston, Virginia.
Matthew C BakerStanford University, Palo Alto, California.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0002-1907
Stamatina DanielidesInova Health Systems, Ashburn, Virginia.
Eduardo De SousaMercy Hospital, Moore, Oklahoma.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-6169
Brent P GoodmanHonor Health, Scottsdale, Arizona.
Jennifer K KingDavid Geffen School of Medicine Center at University of California, Los Angeles.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1001-6044
Steven MandelDonald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York Medical College, New York.
Ghaith NoaisehUniversity of Kansas, Kansas City.
Pantelis P PavlakisAthens Medical Center, Athens, Greece.
George SarkaCedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
R Hal ScofieldMedical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Arun VaradhacharyWashington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
Daniel J WallaceDavid Geffen School of Medicine Center at University of California, Los Angeles.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2502-1372
Matt MakaraSjögren's Foundation, Reston, Virginia.
Nancy CarteronUniversity of California, San Francisco.
Steven CarsonsNYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York.
Consensus Expert Panel (CEP) members

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSjögren's disease is an autoimmune disorder that can impact multiple organ systems, including the peripheral nervous system (PNS). PNS manifestations, which can exist concurrently, include mononeuropathies, polyneuropathies, and autonomic nervous system neuropathies. To help patients and providers in the decision-making process, we developed an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of PNS manifestations in patients with Sjögren's disease.

methodsA Topic Review Group, comprising experts in rheumatology, neurology, and guideline methodology, developed Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome questions and conducted a systematic review to identify the current best evidence on management of PNS manifestations of Sjögren's disease. PubMed and Embase were searched for evidence published up to July 22, 2025. Literature screening, data extraction, and critical appraisal were performed in duplicate. Six case series, one retrospective cohort, and two prospective cohort studies lacking a comparison group met the inclusion criteria.

resultsWe developed an aligned nomenclature of PNS terms that can be used across disciplines, 31 good practices for evaluation of suspected PNS manifestations, and 20 evidence-based treatment recommendations, the latter of which were rated as conditional or strong based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Because of the scarcity of high-level evidence, this guideline predominantly derives from expert opinion.

conclusionThis clinical practice guideline on PNS manifestations of Sjögren's disease provides clinicians a rigorous, evidence-based resource, developed through an expert consensus-based process, for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of peripheral neuropathy in patients with Sjögren's disease. Recommendations were rated as strong when the benefits significantly outweighed potential harms, creating a scenario in which most patients would prefer the advised action.

Indexed as

Peripheral Nervous System DiseasesSjogren's SyndromeEvidence-Based MedicineHumans

Identifiers

PMID41327784
PMCPMC13313102

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.