Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41327334›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2025

Conservative treatment using blood flow restriction and brace in individuals with complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture: protocol for a randomised clinical trial.

Alexios Pitsillides, Antonis Constantinou, Christos Karagiannis, Konstantinos Giannakou

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06727344 (Comparison of Conservative Treatment With Blood Flow Restriction With Standard Management in Total ACL Rupture. "Randomized Clinical Trial"), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06727344 narecruitingnot on this map

Comparison of Conservative Treatment With Blood Flow Restriction With Standard Management in Total ACL Rupture. "Randomized Clinical Trial"

TypeinterventionalSponsorEuropean University CyprusRan2025 to 2025Enrolled20ConditionsACL, ACL - Anterior Cruciate Ligament RuptureArmsBlood Flow Restriction, Brace
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alexios PitsillidesDepartment of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 6, Diogenes 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box: 22006, 1516, Nicosia, Cyprus. A.Pitsillides@external.euc.ac.cy.
Antonis ConstantinouDepartment of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 6, Diogenes 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box: 22006, 1516, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Christos KaragiannisDepartment of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 6, Diogenes 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box: 22006, 1516, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Konstantinos GiannakouDepartment of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 6, Diogenes 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box: 22006, 1516, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInadequate long-term outcomes are common following both surgical and non-surgical management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Emerging evidence suggests that a bracing protocol may facilitate ligamentous healing; however, a period of immobilisation can induce muscle atrophy. This study aims to investigate the potential benefits of adding blood flow restriction (BFR) training to the conservative treatment of ACL rehabilitation.

methodsThis is a double-blinded, two-arm randomised clinical trial. Participants in the intervention group will follow an exercise protocol using BFR training, while participants in the control group will follow the same protocol with sham-BFR. Both groups will follow the same bracing protocol. Individuals aged between 18 and 40 years with an acute or subacute complete ACL tear confirmed by imaging will be eligible to participate. DISCUSSION: Emerging evidence suggests that a conservative period of joint immobilisation, in which positioning the knee reduces the distance between the two torn ligament ends, may promote ACL healing after a complete rupture. However, the use of a brace can result in muscle atrophy. BFR exercises may play an important role during this period of immobilisation and restricted movement. Positive results of exercise under BFR, in combination with a brace, could serve as an alternative treatment for participants with acute or subacute complete ACL tears, potentially reducing recovery time or even avoiding surgery. Trial registration This protocol was approved by the Cyprus National Bioethics Committee (ΕΕΒΚ/ΕΠ/2024/70) and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: NCT06727344).

Indexed as

Anterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesBlood Flow Restriction TherapyBracesConservative TreatmentExercise TherapyAdolescentAdultDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicYoung AdultAnterior cruciate ligamentBlood flow restriction trainingBracing protocolClinical trialComplete ruptureLigamental healing

Identifiers

PMID41327334
PMCPMC12777222

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.