Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41327004›Full record

ArticleBMC anesthesiology2025

Smart glasses for monitoring vital signs in anaesthesia care settings: a qualitative simulation study.

Per Enlöf, Carina Sjöberg, Mona Ringdal, Sophie Lindgren, Axel Wolf, Pether Jildenstål

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Per EnlöfInstitute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. per.enlof@vgregion.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8611-1876
Carina SjöbergDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Intensive Care Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-7357
Mona RingdalInstitute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3984-6906
Sophie LindgrenDepartment of Hybride and Interventional procedures, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-559X
Axel WolfDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Intensive Care Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6111-8377
Pether JildenstålInstitute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-8915

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMonitoring of vital signs is essential in anaesthesia care and plays a key role in preventing adverse events. Technological innovation is recognised as an important factor in enhancing patient safety. Smart glasses represent a novel tool that may support anaesthesia professionals in monitoring vital signs; however, their practical use and user experiences in anaesthesia care remain insufficiently explored. Understanding anaesthesia healthcare professionals' experiences with this technology is crucial to ensure its safe and effective implementation. In this study, smart glasses from Microsoft HoloLens 2 were used to visualize vital signs in the user's field of vision. The aim was to explore anaesthesia health care professionals' experience of using Microsoft HoloLens 2 smart glasses for monitoring vital signs in various simulated anaesthesia care scenarios.

methodsA qualitative study design was used to explore the experiences of nurse anaesthetists and anaesthesiologists. Data were gathered through focus group interviews and subsequently analysed using qualitative content analysis.

resultsOne overarching theme - a positive yet cautious attitude towards smart glasses - was identified, comprising three categories: Impact on intraoperative monitoring, Usability of the smart glass technology, and Communication challenges. These categories illustrated both advantages and limitations of using smart glasses in simulated anaesthesia care scenarios.

conclusionsThe experience of using Microsoft HoloLens 2 for monitoring vital signs in simulated anaesthesia care scenarios revealed a generally positive but careful attitude towards the technology. Participants appreciated its potential to enhance situational awareness through continuous access to vital signs, while also highlighting concerns related to ergonomics, restricted field of view, and possible distraction. The findings offer insights for developers aiming to optimise smart glasses for clinical use. Further refinement and evaluation in clinical settings are needed before broader implementation in anaesthesia practice.

Indexed as

AnesthesiaMonitoring, IntraoperativeSmart GlassesVital SignsAnesthesiologistsAttitude of Health PersonnelFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleMonitoring, PhysiologicNurse AnesthetistsQualitative ResearchAnaesthesia careAnaesthesia monitoringPatient safetyQualitative researchSimulation trainingSmart glassesVital signs monitoring

Identifiers

PMID41327004
PMCPMC12670854

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.