Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41326461›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Topographic correction for ground penetrating radar for enhanced detection of dike subsurface anomalies.

Changzheng Li, Xiang Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Changzheng LiYellow River Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
Xiang ZhaoYellow River Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou, 450003, China. zhao521109@163.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China U2243223National Natural Science Foundation of China U2443229
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dikes are critical components of flood control infrastructure in China. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for non-destructive detection of subsurface anomalies (e.g., cavities, seepage paths, and soil loosening) in dikes. Conventional GPR surveys are typically conducted along longitudinal lines on the dike crest, which limits comprehensive cross-sectional assessment. This study introduces a novel trapezoidal survey layout that integrates data from upstream/downstream slopes and the crest, coupled with a terrain-correction algorithm. The method projects slope-acquired radar signals onto a topographic model, enabling fused visualization of subsurface anomalies and dike morphology. Validated via borehole and cone penetration tests (CPT) at a Yellow River dike site, the corrected GPR profiles accurately delineated soil stratification and localized a loose-soil zone at the downstream slope foot. This approach significantly enhances interpretability for dike safety assessments.

Indexed as

Cross-sectional profilingDike safetyGround penetrating radarSubsurface anomaliesTopographic correction

Identifiers

PMID41326461
PMCPMC12669673

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.