ArticleSchizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)2025
Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China.
Article in Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social and Clinical Factors Associated With Antipsychotic Medication Discontinuation in Patients With Schizophrenia.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2026Article
- Silent Inflammation: A Critical Narrative Review of the Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Psychosis-The Role of Oxidative Stress and Iatrogenic Comorbidities.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association between triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent among individuals with schizophrenia. However, substantial regional variation exists, and evidence from large samples of hospitalized patients in China remains limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and to explore its associated factors among individuals with schizophrenia in China. We included 3042 participants with schizophrenia from 25 hospitals in Zhejiang Province from April to December 2022. MetS was defined according to the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria, the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria, and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The prevalence of MetS was estimated using the Clopper-Pearson method, and generalized additive models were used to fit smoothed age-specific prevalence curves. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore potential factors associated with MetS. The overall prevalence of MetS was 34.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.2-36.7%), 42.6% (40.9-44.4%), and 38.9% (37.2-40.7%) based on the CDS, NCEP ATP III, and IDF criteria, respectively. The prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in female participants with schizophrenia compared to their male counterparts when applying the NCEP ATP III or IDF criteria. In addition, after reaching the age-specific peak, MetS prevalence declined in male participants but stabilized in females. High BMI (OR: 1.30 [1.27-1.33]) and comorbid endocrine diseases (OR: 1.79 [1.48-2.17]) were associated with increased odds of MetS. Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among individuals with schizophrenia, regardless of the diagnostic criteria used. Early identification and screening of metabolic abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia should be considered.
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Registered trials
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