Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41326351›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Observation of space-time surface plasmon polaritons.

Naoki Ichiji, Hibiki Kikuchi, Murat Yessenov, Kenneth L Schepler, Ayman F Abouraddy, Atsushi Kubo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Naoki IchijiGraduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-2405
Hibiki KikuchiGraduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan.
Murat YessenovHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-1803
Kenneth L ScheplerCREOL, The College of Optics & Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9658-2305
Ayman F AbouraddyCREOL, The College of Optics & Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. raddy@creol.ucf.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4987-5495
Atsushi KuboDepartment of Physics, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan. kubo.atsushi.ka@u.tsukuba.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2151-5081

Funding

MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP16823280MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP20J21825MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP22H05131MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP23H04575MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP23KJ0355MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP25H01606MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP25K01648MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP25K17906United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (ONR) N00014-17-1-2458United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (ONR) N00014- 20-1-2789
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at metal-dielectric interfaces provide strong out-of-plane confinement enabling nano-scale sensing and imaging, yet diffraction causes spatial delocalization. Conventional strategies to combat diffraction through spatial structuring are inapplicable to dimensionally restricted SPPs, except for nonlocalized cosine plasmons and Airy plasmons that follow curved trajectories. Here we demonstrate space-time SPPs (ST-SPPs), ultrashort (16-fs) diffraction-free SPPs that propagate rectilinearly via precise sculpting of their spatiotemporal spectra. By synthesizing a spatiotemporally structured field in free space and coupling the field to an axially invariant ST-SPP at a metal-dielectric surface, we control the ST-SPP group velocity and propagation characteristics. Time-resolved two-photon fluorescence microscopy reconstructs the surface-bound field in space and time, verifying the predicted spatiotemporal wavefront and diffraction-free propagation. Our work opens new avenues for combining spatiotemporally structured light with the field-localization associated with nanophotonics, and may thus enable novel applications in surface-enhanced sensing and nonlinear optical interactions.

Identifiers

PMID41326351
PMCPMC12669788

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.