ArticleBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud2025
Characterization of Colombian departments based on climatic factors, infrastructure, basic service access, and dengue incidence rate.
Article in Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionDengue is an endemic disease in Colombia, with spatial variations influenced by climatic, socioeconomic, and basic service access factors. Territorial characterization based on these determinants supports a better understanding of disease distribution and enables the design of more effective control strategies.
objectivesTo identify groups of departments in Colombia based on the relationship between dengue incidence rates and climatic, socioeconomic, and basic service access factors in 2023. MATERIALS AND
methodsData were collected from the Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia, the Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida, and satellite sources, such as ERA5 and CHIRPS. Variables related to access to basic services (drinking water, sewage, and waste collection), housing deficit, temperature, precipitation, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were analyzed. A multiple factor analysis was applied to reduce dimensionality, followed by hierarchical clustering and self-organizing maps to identify department groupings.
resultsThree groups of departments with distinct characteristics were identified. The most vulnerable group (group 3) showed an average incidence rate of 1,046.87 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, associated with extreme housing deficits, limited access to basic services, and climatic conditions favorable for vector proliferation.
conclusionsThe analysis identified key territorial patterns in dengue incidence and highlighted the influence of structural factors on disease transmission. These findings provide a foundation to strengthen public policies and design more targeted prevention and control strategies in the most vulnerable regions.
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