Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41324791›Full record

ArticleJournal of robotic surgery2025

What does the automated performance metric "console time" tell in robotically assisted mitral valve repair?

Kei Kobayashi, Yizhan Guo, Andrea Amabile, Neha Devineni, Thomas E Rubino, Martin Winter, Ariana Jackson, Jeffrey Ding, Stephen D Waterford, David West and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of robotic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Kei KobayashiDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Yizhan GuoDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Andrea AmabileDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Neha DevineniDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Thomas E RubinoDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Martin WinterDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Ariana JacksonDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Jeffrey DingDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Stephen D WaterfordDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
David WestDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
David KaczorowskiDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Ibrahim SultanDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Johannes BonattiDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, 200 Lothrop Street C-718, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. johannesbonatti@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Console time is one of the automated performance metrics (APM) recorded by the robot software during robotic cardiac surgery. Little is known about what this APM predicts in cardiac surgery. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with console time during robotically assisted mitral valve repair (raMVR). A total of 150 patients underwent raMVR from 7/2021 to 12/2024. Console time and related APMs were extracted from robotic system logs. Correlation analysis, multivariable linear regression, and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to assess associations between console time and pre-, intra-, and post-operative outcomes. Mean console time was 123.2 ± 47.0 min. Console time correlated with body mass index (r = 0.22, p = 0.01), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), and hospital stay (r = 0.24, p = 0.003). Console time was longer with bileaflet prolapse (p = 0.003), annular calcification (p = 0.01), leaflet calcification (p = 0.04), complex repair (p < 0.001), transfusion (p = 0.01) and reoperation for bleeding (p = 0.005). Multivariable regression identified decalcification (B = + 78.6 min, p < 0.001), ACC time (p < 0.001), CPB time (p = 0.02), leaflet resection combined with neochords (p = 0.01), and annular calcification (p = 0.03) as independent predictors. MANOVA showed console time tertiles were significantly associated with postoperative outcomes (Wilks' lambda = 0.86, p = 0.02). Patients in the lowest and middle tertile were more likely to be extubated in the operating room (p < 0.001). Console time reflects procedural complexity and operative intensity in raMVR. As an automated, objective metric, it may serve as a valuable tool for intra-operative assessment, surgical planning, and early outcome prediction in robotic cardiac programs.

Indexed as

Cardiac Surgical ProceduresMitral ValveOperative TimeRobotic Surgical ProceduresAgedCardiopulmonary BypassFemaleHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeAutomated performance metricsMitral valve surgeryRobotic surgery

Identifiers

PMID41324791

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.