ArticleNeurology and therapy2026
Foslevodopa/Foscarbidopa in Younger Patients Earlier Within Advanced Parkinson's Disease: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Trial.
Article in Neurology and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04380142 (A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Active-Controlled Study Comparing the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of ABBV-951 to Oral Carbidopa/Levodopa in Advanced Parkinson's Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Active-Controlled Study Comparing the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of ABBV-951 to Oral Carbidopa/Levodopa in Advanced Parkinson's Disease Patients
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-world experience with foslevodopa/foscarbidopa in Germany: therapeutic insights and lessons learned.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Frailty in Parkinson's disease: time to integrate it into treatment decision-making?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Observational Retrospective Cohort of Patient Support Program Data on Practical Experiences of Treatment with Foslevodopa/Foscarbidopa in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: The ORCHESTRA Study.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events Associated With Foslevodopa/Foscarbidopa Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion in Clinical Practice: A Multicenter Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- Continuous Subcutaneous Versus Intestinal Levodopa Infusion for Parkinson's Disease: A Real-World, Monocentric, Observational Study and Critical Review.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Observational
- Effects of Continuous Infusion Therapies on Non-Motor Symptoms in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Predictive validation of the repeated low-dose reserpine rodent model of parkinsonism.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- A narrative review of clinical and non-clinical determinants of health-related quality of life in advanced Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- No New Relevant Treatment Options for L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia from a Clinician's Point of View.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Real-world implementation of continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa in advanced Parkinson's disease: first clinical experience from the Middle East.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe evaluated continuous subcutaneously administered foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (LDp/CDp) in younger patients earlier within advanced Parkinson's disease (aPD).
methodsThis phase 3 trial included patients aged ≥ 30 years with levodopa-responsive PD, Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥ 24, and levodopa equivalent dose ≥ 400 mg/day. Patients were considered by the investigator as inadequately controlled on current oral/transdermal therapy and experienced ≥ 2.5 h/day "Off" time, with recognizable "On"/"Off" states. Patients were randomized (1:1) to LDp/CDp plus placebo capsules or orally administered immediate-release levodopa/carbidopa plus placebo infusion. This post hoc exploratory analysis focused on younger patients (≤ 65 years) earlier within aPD (Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤ 2 ["On" state], ≤ 5 years since motor fluctuations started). Outcomes included change from baseline (CFB) to week 12 in "Off" and "On" time, Movement Disorder Society Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) II, 39-item PD Questionnaire (PDQ-39), and PD Sleep Scale-2 (PDSS-2).
resultsTwenty-six patients met subgroup criteria (LDp/CDp, n = 13; orally administered levodopa/carbidopa, n = 13). Despite small sample sizes, at week 12, LDp/CDp was associated with significantly greater improvements in "Off" time (mean [SD] CFB - 3.7 [3.1] vs - 1.6 [2.9] h; P = 0.0011), "On" time without troublesome dyskinesia (+ 3.9 [3.3] vs + 1.4 [3.8] h; P = 0.0011), and PDSS-2 (- 6.4 [4.6] vs - 1.8 [3.1]; P = 0.0220) vs orally administered levodopa/carbidopa. Mean (SD) CFB to week 12 (LDp/CDp vs orally administered levodopa/carbidopa) was + 4.2 (2.8) vs + 1.9 (4.6) h for "On" time without dyskinesia (P = 0.0878), - 3.0 (6.4) vs - 0.9 (3.5) for MDS-UPDRS II (P = 0.3539), and - 9.9 (7.4) vs - 1.9 (9.4) for PDQ-39 (P = 0.0534). For most assessments, treatment differences were numerically larger in the subgroup vs the overall population. Safety findings were consistent with the overall population.
conclusionsLDp/CDp was associated with significantly greater improvements in motor function and sleep vs orally administered levodopa/carbidopa in younger patients earlier within aPD whose symptoms were inadequately controlled by oral/transdermal therapies. Larger real-world studies are needed to confirm findings.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04380142.
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