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ArticleCurrent microbiology2025

Genomic Constellation of Foodborne Proteus Mirabilis Isolates Harboring AMR, Virulence Genes and Comparative WGS Analysis.

Swati Singh, Zunjar Baburao Dubal, G Ravi Kumar, Shikha Tamta, Shubham Saini, Shivangi Dosar, Jitha Kr, Vinodhkumar Obli Rajendran, Kiran Narayan Bhilegaonkar, Mark Holmes and 2 more

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Article in Current microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A One Health Perspective onMicroorganisms · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Swati SinghICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Zunjar Baburao DubalICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India. zunjar.dubal@icar.org.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3140-4732
G Ravi KumarICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-1902
Shikha TamtaICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-6630
Shubham SainiICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shivangi DosarICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Jitha KrICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vinodhkumar Obli RajendranICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7232-4122
Kiran Narayan BhilegaonkarICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-1274
Mark HolmesDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB3 0ES, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Bibek Rhanjan ShomeICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4741-7076
Shivaraman GkICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Matsyapuri Post, Willingdon Island, 682 029, COCHIN, Kerala, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proteus mirabilis is a foodborne and environmental pathogen causing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence. As the potential of Indian strains remains underexplored, whole-genome sequence (WGS) data of 18 strains were analyzed for AMR, virulence, and genetic relatedness. The disc diffusion method assessed phenotypic AMR. Genomic DNA sequencing was performed on Illumina MiSeq platform, followed by quality control, read assembly, gap closure, and annotation using software tools. Various tools were used to predict antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), resistome, virulence, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), pathogenicity, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and plasmids. Phylogenetic analysis based on SNPs was performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. All isolates showed resistance to tetracycline but were sensitive to gentamicin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and streptomycin. Genome sizes ranged from 3,824 to 4,296 kb (average 3691.6 ± 164.3) and 5-26 ARGs per isolate. Common intrinsic resistance genes, including tetJ, tet(D), K. pneumoniae KpnF, and amphenicol resistance genes (cat and catA4) were present in all but one isolate. Predominant ARGs were linked to tetracycline, quinolone, cephalosporin, cephamycin, penam, quaternary ammonium compounds, and glycopeptide groups present in MGEs. Isolates contained numerous virulence genes (n = 4785) across 10 categories. The average SNP count was 4114.27 ± 3216.91, with four isolates showing no SNPs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed diversity (D= -1.6910, P = 0.0047) among 86 reference strains. Ongoing monitoring through WGS analysis is essential for understanding and managing infections caused by this pathogen.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, BacterialFoodborne DiseasesGenome, BacterialProteus InfectionsProteus mirabilisVirulence FactorsAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhylogenyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideVirulenceWhole Genome SequencingAnti-Bacterial AgentsVirulence Factors

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.