ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2026
Neighborhood-Level Social Vulnerability, Race and Ethnicity, and Stage at Diagnosis: A Population-Based Study of 12,957 Patients with Oral Cavity Cancer.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Social determinants as pathways in disparities in oral cavity cancer stage at diagnosis: a registry-based analysis from 2010-2020.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundOral cavity cancer is marked by racial and ethnic disparities. We examined these differences in oral cavity cancer stage at diagnosis and whether neighborhood-level social vulnerability, a measure of susceptibility to hardship at the census tract level, modifies disparities.
methodsWe identified adults newly diagnosed with oral cavity cancer (1995-2020) from the Texas Cancer Registry. We estimated the association between stage at diagnosis and race and ethnicity using logistic regression and assessed effect modification by neighborhood-level social vulnerability.
resultsThe sample included 12,957 reported oral cavity cancer cases, 77% non-Hispanic White, 6% non-Hispanic Black, and 14% Hispanic patients, and 47.4% late stage at diagnosis. Non-Hispanic Black [OR, 3.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.81-3.88], Hispanic (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.83-2.24), non-Hispanic Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.33-2.07) patients had higher odds of late stage at diagnosis compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Neighborhood-level social vulnerability modified the associations on an additive scale only for non-Hispanic Black patients. Non-Hispanic Black patients living in the most (OR, 4.72; 95% CI, 3.70-6.02) but not the least (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.81-2.94) vulnerable neighborhoods had higher odds of late stage at diagnosis compared with non-Hispanic White patients living in the least vulnerable neighborhoods.
conclusionsRacial and ethnic minorities were diagnosed with later-stage oral cavity cancer, and minority patients living in the most vulnerable neighborhoods had the highest odds. Addressing neighborhood-level social factors may lessen disparities. IMPACT: Understanding the underlying mechanisms driving these disparities is essential to developing effective interventions to mitigate them. See related In the Spotlight, p. 364.
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