Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41324209›Full record

ArticleJournal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions2025

Musculoskeletal Health, Quality, and Injury Profiles in Collegiate Track and Field and Cross-Country Athletes.

Allen L Redinger, Shawn M F Allen, Sloane A Montgomery, Nicholas J Spokely, Olivia K Anderson, Colin I Green, Taylor K Dinyer-McNeely, Michael A Trevino, Breanne S Baker

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Allen L RedingerMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Shawn M F AllenMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Sloane A MontgomeryMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Nicholas J SpokelyMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Olivia K AndersonMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Colin I GreenMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Taylor K Dinyer-McNeelyPerformance Resilience (PR) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Michael A TrevinoApplied Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Breanne S BakerMusculoskeletal Adaptations to Aging and eXercise (MAAX) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesCollegiate Track and Field and Cross-Country (TF-XC) athletes require high training volumes, potentially contributing to their elevated injury rates. But concurrent examination of musculoskeletal injury (MSKI), health, anatomical structure, and performance is rare. This study's purpose was to compare training habits, MSKI history, bone health, body composition, muscle morphology, and neuromuscular characteristics between collegiate TF-XC athletes and controls.

methodsThirty TF-XC athletes (n=21 females; n=9 males) and 30 physically active, sex-, age-, and body mass-matched controls completed training and MSKI history questionnaires, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry scans, ultrasonography of the lower body musculature, and knee extensor isometric force testing with surface electromyography. Independent t-tests, analyses of covariance, and Cohen's d effect sizes compared group differences, and α=0.050.

resultsAthletes presented a 3-fold higher MSKI incidence than controls (p<0.001; d=0.96), despite greater total body bone mineral density (BMD) Z-Scores (p=0.008; d=0.81) and regional BMD (all p≤0.005; d≥0.78), and lower muscle echogenicity (better muscle quality) (all p≤0.002; d≥0.87). However, athletes' muscle size and force production were similar to controls (both p≥0.200; d≤0.62).

conclusionsThough TF-XC demonstrated better bone health and muscle quality than non-athletes, their muscle size and force similarities may suggest potential sport-specific mechanical loading inadequacies, coinciding with high MSKI rates.

Indexed as

AthletesAthletic InjuriesMuscle, SkeletalTrack and FieldAbsorptiometry, PhotonAdolescentAdultBody CompositionBone DensityFemaleHumansMaleUniversitiesYoung AdultAthletic InjuriesBone Mineral DensityDiagnostic UltrasoundDual-energy X-ray AbsorptiometryNeuromuscular Performance

Identifiers

PMID41324209
PMCPMC12684273

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.