Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41323281›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Ventral pallidum efferent pathways via mediodorsal thalamus and lateral habenula mediate default mode network regulation.

Epistimi-Anna Makedona, Mu-En Kuo, Michael Harvey, Gregor Rainer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Epistimi-Anna MakedonaSection of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Mu-En KuoSection of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Michael HarveySection of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Gregor RainerSection of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transitions between internal and external focus are fundamental to cognition. These shifts depend on the modulation of the default mode network (DMN), of which the ventral pallidum (VP) is a key subcortical node. Here, we examine which VP efferent pathways mediate these transitions, using projection and cell type specific optogenetic silencing. We found that the inhibition of the VP projection to the lateral habenula (LHb) confers a learning advantage early during task acquisition. Conversely, silencing VP projections to the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) improves performance during the late stage of the same task. The downregulation of the cholinergic VP population improved performance at both early and late stages. Thus, silencing these VP outputs promotes escape from a DMN brain state, facilitating attention to external stimuli. Our results confirm a role for VP in DMN regulation and indicate that MD and LHb VP efferent pathways, in concert with cholinergic neuromodulation, mediate different aspects of DMN regulation.

Indexed as

Behavioral neuroscienceCellular neuroscienceCognitive neuroscienceMolecular neuroscienceNeurologyNeuroscienceSensory neuroscience

Identifiers

PMID41323281
PMCPMC12661436

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.