Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41322122›Full record

ArticleJHLT open2025

The burden of skin cancer in heart transplant recipients: Impact of immunosuppressive regimens.

Matteo Marro, Gabriele Roccuzzo, Erika Simonato, Gustavo Alfredo Sobrino Avellaneda, Giulia Rocco, Antonio Loforte, Mauro Rinaldi, Simone Ribero, Massimo Boffini

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JHLT open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Matteo MarroCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Gabriele RoccuzzoDermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Erika SimonatoCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Gustavo Alfredo Sobrino AvellanedaCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Giulia RoccoDermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Antonio LoforteCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Mauro RinaldiCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Simone RiberoDermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Massimo BoffiniCardiac Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Skin cancer is the most common post-transplant malignancy. We aimed to determine the incidence, timing, risk factors, and survival impact of skin cancer in heart transplant (HTx) recipients over long-term follow-up. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study analyzed 568 HTx patients surviving >1 year (1990-2024). Patients with ≥1 histologically confirmed skin malignancy were compared to matched controls without skin cancer. Demographics, transplant characteristics, and immunosuppressive regimens were assessed. Logistic regression and Cox models identified independent risk factors for skin cancer and survival. Results: Of 568 eligible patients, 42 (7.4%) developed skin cancer after a median of 15.5 years. Basal cell carcinoma was most common (54.7%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, 33.3%). Immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) plus azathioprine (AZA) was independently associated with increased skin cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] 9.41, Conclusions: Skin cancer is a relevant long-term complication after HTx, particularly SCC in patients receiving AZA. Our findings support limiting AZA use and reinforce the importance of structured dermatologic surveillance and early mammalian target of rapamycin conversion strategies to improve long-term outcomes.

Indexed as

heart transplantimmunosuppressionpost-transplant complicationskin cancersurvival

Identifiers

PMID41322122
PMCPMC12664631

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.