ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease2025
Congenital heart disease in men of reproductive age: Nationwide cohort studies of prevalence, male fertility, and birth outcomes in offspring.
Article in International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal congenital heart disease and risk of child developmental vulnerability in early school age: A population-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Maternal congenital heart disease: Implications for the next generation.PLoS medicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The potential for men with congenital heart disease (CHD) to father children and the impact of paternal CHD on offspring birth outcomes are not well understood. Methods: Using Norwegian nationwide registries from 1994 to 2014, we identified two study populations: 1 829 877 men aged 18-50 years and 1 207 410 newborns. First, we reported the time trends of CHD in men and paternal CHD in newborns. Second, we compared the rate of becoming fathers in men with and without CHD. Third, we compared birth outcomes in offspring with and without paternal CHD. Results: Between 1994 and 2014, the prevalence of CHD in men of reproductive age increased from 22.7 to 32.2 per 10 000, while the prevalence of paternal CHD in newborns increased from 21.6 to 26.9 per 10 000. Men with mild CHD had a similar rate of becoming fathers compared to men without CHD (rate ratio 0.97, 95 % confidence interval 0.90-1.05), but men with moderate/severe CHD had a lower rate (rate ratio 0.78, 95 % confidence interval 0.70-87). Newborns with paternal CHD had no increased risk of preterm birth or being small for gestational age, compared to newborns without paternal CHD. Conclusion: The prevalence of CHD in men and paternal CHD in newborns was increasing. Moderate/severe CHD in men was associated with a lower rate of becoming fathers compared to the general male population. Paternal CHD was not associated with an increased risk of newborns being preterm or small for gestational age.
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