Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41321793›Full record

ArticleIJID regions2025

A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance among Syrian health care professionals.

Hisham Alhosni, Fares Alahdab, Wasim Zakaria, Ahmed Kejah, Mosa Shibani, Mohammad Basheer Alameer, Angie Hawat, André Torbey, Nabil Karah, Abduljabbar Alhajmousa and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJID regions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Hisham AlhosniSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Fares AlahdabDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics, and Medical Epidemiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
Wasim ZakariaFaculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
Ahmed KejahDepartment of Pathology, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
Mosa ShibaniSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Mohammad Basheer AlameerFaculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Angie HawatFaculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
André TorbeyDepartment of General Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
Nabil KarahDepartment of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Abduljabbar AlhajmousaR4HSSS Program, King's College, London, UK.
Abdulkarim EzkazyezKing's College London, London, UK.
Aula AbbaraSyria Public Health Network, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global challenge, especially in conflict-affected settings such as Syria, where health care infrastructure is compromised. This study assessed Syrian clinicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Methods: A two-phase online survey was conducted from June-July to October-November 2024 among physicians, pharmacists, dentists, and nurses across 11 Syrian governorates. Participants were recruited through professional networks, social media, and snowball sampling. Results: Of 1179 respondents, 54% were male and 56% were residents (doctors in training); 32% had over 5 years' experience. Most practiced medicine (78%), pharmacy (13%), or dentistry (8%). Awareness of AMR as a global (98%), national (93%), and local (67%) issue was high. Although 90% supported AMS, only 47% rated their hospital's program as effective. Most desired more education (94%) and favored local guidelines (83%). Prescribing confidence was strong for routine cases (63%), but lower for complex ones (40-45%). Concerns included drug quality (80%), cost (52%), and ineffectiveness (47%). Notably, 39% struggled to withhold antibiotics in viral cases. Conclusion: The survey reveals strong AMR awareness but significant gaps in AMS practice, microbiology access, and clinical guidance. Strengthening Syria's national AMR strategy is urgently needed.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial resistanceAntimicrobial stewardshipSyria

Identifiers

PMID41321793
PMCPMC12662071

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.