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Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis Revealed as Shunt Nephritis: A Case Report.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Shunt nephritis is a rare immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis associated with an infected ventriculoatrial shunt (VAS) or ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). Its incidence has declined to 0.7-2% due to improved infection management. Low-grade bacteremia, particularly from VAS, often involves pathogens such as Case Presentation: A 35-year-old male with a history of traumatic brain injury and VAS placement presented with generalized edema, hypertension, fatigue, and neurological decline. The patient exhibited nephrotic syndrome with low complement levels. Renal biopsy revealed diffuse membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with subendothelial deposits. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed pleocytosis and an elevated albumin ratio, with Discussion: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with shunt nephritis, particularly in the absence of overt infection. Early recognition, targeted antibiotics, and shunt removal are essential for preventing progressive kidney damage and resolving nephrotic syndrome. This case highlights the need for multidisciplinary management in such a complex presentation.
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