ArticleSAGE open nursing
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Coronary Artery Disease Prevention among Cardiac Patients in the Cardiac Clinic at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, 2022.
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Abstract
Introduction: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death, and one of the major health burdens worldwide. The prevalence of coronary artery disease in Ethiopia is increasing steadily irrespective of age and gender. Some of the risk factors are preventable and modifiable. Objective: The aim was to examine the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiac patients toward preventive measures of coronary artery disease. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between March and April 2022. A total of 402 patients were randomly selected. Interviewer guided standardized questioners were used to gather information from participants. Descriptive statistics was utilized to describe participant's characteristics and logistics regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between independent and outcome variables. Level of significance was determined at Result: A total of 320 participants with response rate of 83.3% were included. The mean age was 46.74 ± 14.15SD. Most (67.2%) of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge with mean knowledge score of 58 ± 15.96 SD. More than half of the respondents (54.4%) had good attitude, with mean attitude score of 60.4 ± 25.33SD. Half (50%) of respondents mean showed good practice with mean practice score of 55.13 ± 17.365. Upon logistic regression, variables namely, sex (AOR = 0.578, 95%CI: 0.332-0.879), and presence of comorbidity (AOR = 2.818, 95%CI: 1.029-7.713), were significantly associated with knowledge. Similarly, occupation (AOR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.330-0.968), marital status (AOR = 0.545, 95%CI: 0.333-0.893), and sex (AOR = 0.506, 95%CI: 0.313-0.819), were significantly associated with practice of coronary artery disease prevention. Conclusion: The study found that 67.2% of cardiac patients had good knowledge, 54.3% had a positive attitude, but only 50% practiced effective coronary artery disease prevention. Male gender, single marital status, unemployment, and presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with lower knowledge and poor preventive practices.
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