Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41321058›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Fostering medication review competence of pharmacy students: An assessment by students and their preceptors after advanced-level practical internship.

Katja Leiman, Aleksi Westerholm, Tero Vahlberg, Noora Lias, Tanja Lindholm, Marja Airaksinen

Abstract read
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Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Katja LeimanClinical Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8704-5479
Aleksi WesterholmClinical Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Tero VahlbergDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Noora LiasClinical Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Tanja LindholmClinical Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Marja AiraksinenClinical Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe aim of this study was to introduce a new assessment method for pharmacy students' real-life competence in reviewing medications after obligatory advanced-level practical internship in Finland.

methodsThe new medication review (MR) competence assessment method consisted of (1) a self-assessment by pharmacy students and (2) a performance assessment by their MR specialized preceptors at the completion of the advanced-level pharmacy internship during the third study year at the University of Helsinki, Finland. The assessment applied a structured and validated electronic evaluation tool based on national MR competence recommendations for pharmacists (31 items).

resultsAltogether 378 students and their MR preceptors assessed students' MR competence during the period of November 2020-December 2023. Majority of the students self-assessed their MR competence as very good (25%) or good (70%). Preceptors' estimates for students' MR competence were higher, as they graded 54% of the students with the grade very good and 43% with the grade good. Differences between students' and preceptors' assessments were statistically significant (p < .05) in all other statements except for 'Understands the importance of medication reconciliation and prescription review in improving medication safety and outcomes' (p = .829). The preceptors tended to assess students' MR competence as better than students themselves.

conclusionsCombining self-assessment and assessment by an MR specialized preceptor forms a feasible method for assessing the real-life MR competence of students after advanced-level pharmacy internship. The involvement of the students' and preceptors' assessments can balance the effect of over- and under-estimation of the competence.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceEducation, PharmacyMedication ReconciliationPharmacy ResidenciesPreceptorshipStudents, PharmacyEducational MeasurementFinlandHumansassessment of learningclinical pharmacycurriculum developmentmedication reviewpharmacy educationpharmacy internship

Identifiers

PMID41321058
PMCPMC13420900

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.