Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41321015›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2025

Dileucine-supplemented essential amino acids support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and serum-stimulated cell-based anabolism.

Jonathan A Aguilera, Cassidy T Tinline-Goodfellow, Matthew J Lees, Ines Kortebi, Daniel W D West, Sidney Abou Sawan, Megha Sharma, Raza Bashir, Takeshi M Barnes, Alexander V Ulanov and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07595575 (Investigating the Effectiveness of Novel Amino Acid-enriched Supplement Beverages to Determine Post-ingestion Glycemia, Insulinemia, Aminoacidemia, and Whole-body Protein Synthesis Rates in Adults Prescribed GLP-1 RA Drugs), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07595575 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Investigating the Effectiveness of Novel Amino Acid-enriched Supplement Beverages to Determine Post-ingestion Glycemia, Insulinemia, Aminoacidemia, and Whole-body Protein Synthesis Rates in Adults Prescribed GLP-1 RA Drugs

TypeinterventionalSponsorNutraceutical Innovations LLCRan2026 to 2026Enrolled8ConditionsThe Whole-body Protein Synthesis Response to Protein With Amino Acid or Amino AcidsArmsGLP-1
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jonathan A AguileraFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Cassidy T Tinline-GoodfellowFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Matthew J LeesFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ines KortebiFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Daniel W D WestFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sidney Abou SawanIovate Health Sciences International Inc, Oakville, ON, Canada.
Megha SharmaIovate Health Sciences International Inc, Oakville, ON, Canada.
Raza BashirIovate Health Sciences International Inc, Oakville, ON, Canada.
Takeshi M BarnesDepartment of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Alexander V UlanovRoy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Nicholas A BurdDepartment of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Daniel R MooreFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5865-4398

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEssential (EAA) and branched chain (BCAA) amino acid ingestion support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and can attenuate markers of postexercise myofibrillar protein breakdown (i.e. urinary 3-methylhistidine; 3MH). Leucine is often considered a primary anabolic EAA through its ability to activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and stimulate muscle protein synthesis. The dipeptide leucine (dileucine) has been shown to more effectively stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis than leucine in young males at rest. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of a dileucine-containing essential amino acid formula (DIEAA; 2 g dileucine, 1 g leucine, 9.15 g total EAA) on the anabolic and catabolic responses following resistance exercise in young recreationally active adults when compared with ingesting branched chain amino acids (BCAA; 3 g leucine, 1.5 g isoleucine, 1.5 g valine) or isonitrogenous (to DIEAA) collagen hydrolysate (COL).

methodsIn a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 12 healthy adults (8 M, 4F, aged 24 ± 3 y) performed a 60 min bout of whole-body resistance exercise, after which they ingested DIEAA, BCAA, or COL protein beverages containing 100 mg L-[1-

resultsTotal exogenous leucine retention were similar (

conclusionsDileucine-supplemented EAA and BCAA support greater whole-body anabolism compared with COL after resistance exercise independent of attenuation in urinary estimates of myofibrillar protein breakdown. Exploratory

Indexed as

Amino Acids, EssentialDietary SupplementsLeucineResistance TrainingAdultAmino Acids, Branched-ChainCross-Over StudiesDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1MethylhistidinesMuscle ProteinsMuscle, SkeletalYoung Adult3-methylhistidineAmino Acids, Branched-ChainAmino Acids, EssentialLeucineMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1MethylhistidinesMuscle ProteinsDileucineessential amino acidsresistance trainingsupplementationwhole-body anabolism

Identifiers

PMID41321015
PMCPMC12671060

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.