Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41319244›Full record

ArticleAIDS care2026

"I love my baby more than they do": infant feeding decision-making among mothers living with HIV in the United States.

Kira J Nightingale, Kaleb Branch, Chelsea Mbakop, Noelle Burwell, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Rebecca R S Clark

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kira J NightingaleDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4346-8554
Kaleb BranchDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6295-6230
Chelsea MbakopDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-6790-843X
Noelle BurwellDepartment of Family and Community Health, Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-4914-4255
Elizabeth D LowenthalDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3855-8646
Rebecca R S ClarkDepartment of Family and Community Health, Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7284-3523

Funding

Virus & Reservoirs CoreP30AI045008 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ronald G Collman · 1999 to 2026
$78.6M
Social and Behavioral Sciences CoreP30AI064518 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Nwora Lance Okeke · 2005 to 2026
$50.5M
UPenn Post Baccalaureate Research Education Program.R25GM071745 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BHOJ, ELIZABETH JOYCE, KESSLER, DANIEL S · 2005 to 2024
$6.4M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI045008NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI064518NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM071745
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the US and other high-income countries, national guidelines traditionally recommended against breastfeeding infants born to women living with HIV (WLHIV), due to the risk of HIV transmission to the infant. In 2023, US guidelines were changed to recommend collaborative decision-making and support for WLHIV who choose to breastfeed. Little is known regarding how WLHIV make the decision of how to feed their babies, leaving clinicians lacking guidance on how to provide effective counseling. We therefore conducted a semi-structured interview study of pregnant and recently postpartum WLHIV in the US. A diverse cohort of 19 WLHIV described weighing multiple considerations against one another based on their preferences and beliefs, with risk of HIV transmission being just one of many interconnected and often conflicting motivations. While some considerations were always associated with a specific feeding choice, others, such as fear of HIV disclosure, influenced some mothers to breastfeed and others to formula feed. In the context of both breastfeeding and formula-feeding, mothers were faced with a continuum of additional feeding-related choices throughout the child's infancy. WLHIV stressed the importance of receiving personalized infant feeding counseling that acknowledges that their priorities and beliefs may be different from those of their health providers.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingDecision MakingHIV InfectionsInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalMothersAdultCounselingFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornPregnancyQualitative ResearchUnited StatesYoung Adultbreastfeedingdecision makingHIVinfant feedingqualitative researchSDG 3: Good health and well-being

Identifiers

PMID41319244
PMCPMC12814044

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.