Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41317830›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2026

Pathogen-Associated Visual Outcomes Following Postprocedure Endophthalmitis.

Marusha Ather, Elizabeth Lyden, Yue Zhan, Rachana Haliyur, Alina Sinha, Saagar Patel, Richard M Feist, Akbar Shakoor, Albert T Vitale, David N Zacks and 4 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Marusha AtherFrom the University of Nebraska Medical Center (M.A.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Elizabeth LydenDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center (E.L. and Y.Z.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Yue ZhanDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center (E.L. and Y.Z.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Rachana HaliyurKellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan (R.H., A.S., D.N.Z., and M.J.H.), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Alina SinhaKellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan (R.H., A.S., D.N.Z., and M.J.H.), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Saagar PatelSue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado (S.P. and T.E.d.C.F.), Denver, Colorado, USA.
Richard M FeistDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah (R.M.F., A.S., A.T.V., and C.D.C.), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Akbar ShakoorDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah (R.M.F., A.S., A.T.V., and C.D.C.), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Albert T VitaleDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah (R.M.F., A.S., A.T.V., and C.D.C.), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
David N ZacksKellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan (R.H., A.S., D.N.Z., and M.J.H.), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Steven YehDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Truhlsen Eye Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center (S.Y. and C.D.C.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Talisa E de Carlo ForestSue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado (S.P. and T.E.d.C.F.), Denver, Colorado, USA.
Michael J HuvardKellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan (R.H., A.S., D.N.Z., and M.J.H.), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Christopher D ConradyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah (R.M.F., A.S., A.T.V., and C.D.C.), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Truhlsen Eye Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center (S.Y. and C.D.C.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (C.D.C.), Omaha, Nebraska, USA. Electronic address: christopher.conrady@hsc.utah.edu.

Funding

Innate Immunity to Viral Infection of the RetinaK08EY034892 · NEI · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI Christopher Dale Conrady · 2023 to 2026
$942k
NEI NIH HHS K08 EY034892
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo report the anatomic and functional outcomes of a large, multicenter series of postprocedure acute endophthalmitis, stratified by pathogen virulence.

designRetrospective, interventional case series.

participantsTwo hundred forty adult patients diagnosed with postprocedural acute endophthalmitis from 2012 to 2022 at four tertiary, university-based care centers. Of these, 208 patients had adequate follow-up data for comparative analyses.

methodsMedical records were reviewed for demographics, microbiology, treatment, and visual outcomes of patients that developed endophthalmitis following any intraocular procedure. Organisms were categorized into surface commensals (coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp.) and nonsurface commensals (eg, Streptococcus, Enterococcus sp.) as a proxy for virulence. Visual acuity (VA) outcomes and complication rates were compared across groups using Fisher's exact test and regression models adjusting for age, sex (male or female), comorbidities, and treatment modality for postinjection endophthalmitis.

main outcome measuresFinal VA, number of interventions, and rates of vision-threatening complications, including phthisis, retinal detachment, enucleation/evisceration.

resultsAmong culture-positive cases, patients infected with nonsurface commensal organisms had significantly worse final VA than those with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (mean logMAR 2.14 vs 0.77, P < .0001), as well as higher rates of third interventions (27.5% vs 10.1%, P = .017), phthisis (15.4% vs 1.1%, P = .0032), and enucleation/evisceration (12.8% vs 0%, P = .0022). In multivariable regression of postinjection endophthalmitis, virulent, nonsurface commensal organisms remained independently associated with poorer visual outcomes (P = .0005). Complication patterns were consistent whether culture-negative cases were included or not in the nonvirulent group. Most patients were initially treated with intravitreal injections (92.1%). An initial vitrectomy was uncommon and not significantly associated with better outcomes when performed.

conclusionsInfections with virulent, nonsurface commensal organisms such as Streptococcus and Enterococcus are associated with significantly worse outcomes in postprocedure endophthalmitis, independent of presenting vision or treatment delay. These findings support a shift toward pathogen-informed management and underscore the need for timely identification of virulent organisms in postprocedural acute endophthalmitis.

Indexed as

BacteriaEndophthalmitisEye Infections, BacterialPostoperative ComplicationsVisual AcuityAcute DiseaseAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnti-Bacterial AgentsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID41317830
PMCPMC13430614

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.