ArticleInternational dental journal2026
Tridimensional Analysis of Maxillary Teeth Movements in Premolar-Extraction Cases Treated With Clear Aligners.
Article in International dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- In Vivo Complete Arch Implant Impressions: Comparison of the Linear Precision of Digital and Conventional Techniques.International dental journal · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate movements of maxillary teeth in four-premolar extraction cases treated with clear aligners (CAs), as well as their influencing factors. MATERIALS AND
methodsForty-seven patients underwent four first or second premolars extractions having been treated with CAs. CBCT images were collected pre- and post-treatment for superimposition and measurement. A paired t-test was employed to compare designed and achieved tooth movements. A linear mixed-effects model was utilized to study the effects of designed tooth movements, age, different premolar extractions, anchorage methods, space closing patterns and attachment types on the tooth movements.
resultsIn the anteroposterior direction, the movements of the incisor crowns were fully achieved, whereas the roots were only poorly achieved. Both the roots and crowns of the canines showed less distal displacement than expected, especially the roots. The crowns of the posterior teeth exhibited greater forward movement than expected compared with their roots. In the lateral displacement (LD), the incisors failed to move distally, with the U2 root showing the greatest discrepancy (P < .001). In the occlusal-gingival direction, the incisor crowns demonstrated increased extrusion, particularly U1. Adolescents exhibited greater discrepancies in U1 crown movements compared with adults (P < .001). Although the magnitude of U6 root discrepancies in LD was similar between adolescents and adults, the direction of movement differed significantly (P < .001). The factors that significantly influenced treatment outcomes included age, staging strategy, attachment design, and anchorage methods.
conclusionsIn premolar-extraction with CAs, the root of the incisors and entire canines required more retraction in design, and the crown needed more intrusion. Miniscrews can cause uncontrolled tilting movement of U1. Different space closing patterns and attachment types affected the anterior teeth and the anchorage of posterior teeth. These findings provide references for optimizing a treatment plan design using clear aligner treatment.
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