Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41316734›Full record

ReviewBJS open2025

Current pharmacological and procedural treatments for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: comprehensive review.

Mark M Youssef, Abigail C Watson, Sarah A Profitt, Matthew Allaway, Yuni Ongso, Jonathan Sivakumar, Afrin N Kamal, Yuto Shimamura, Sarah K Thompson, David I Watson and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in BJS open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mark M YoussefUpper Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abigail C WatsonDepartment of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Sarah A ProfittCollege of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Matthew AllawayUpper Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7794-5094
Yuni OngsoUpper Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Jonathan SivakumarDivision of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1756-5780
Afrin N KamalDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford Medicine, Redwood City, California, USA.
Yuto ShimamuraDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sarah K ThompsonCollege of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
David I WatsonDepartment of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7683-2693
Cuong P DuongDivision of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
David S LiuUpper Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8936-4123

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) has a global prevalence of 14% and significantly impairs quality of life. Treatment for GORD is rapidly evolving due to advances in pharmacotherapy, surgical techniques, and new interventional approaches and devices. There are also ongoing refinements in patient selection for interventional therapy. This article reviews the latest developments.

methodsAn expert narrative review was conducted of the most recent literature.

resultsAs a non-operative treatment, potassium-competitive acid blockers have emerged as an alternative to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), receiving legislative approval in several countries, owing to their longer duration of acid suppression and higher rates of healing GORD complications. Surgically, research has continued to refine patient selection, perioperative decision-making, and intraoperative facets of laparoscopic fundoplication and hiatus hernia repair. Robotic antireflux surgery is also increasingly being performed internationally, with comparable clinical outcomes to laparoscopic approaches. Moreover, novel endoscopic techniques (antireflux mucosal ablation, antireflux mucosectomy surgery, transoral incisionless fundoplication, and the Medigus Ultrasonic Surgical Endostapler procedure) and devices (RefluxStop™ and LINX™) are being evaluated to treat GORD with varying levels of success. This review discusses the technical rationale, latest trial outcomes, potential pitfalls, and future considerations for these novel therapies.

conclusionGORD is a highly prevalent disorder incurring significant morbidity. Although PPIs and laparoscopic fundoplication remain the current standards for the pharmacological and surgical treatment of GORD, novel drugs, approaches, techniques, and devices have emerged to tackle this important health issue. Their future utility will need to be proven against the current standards of care, and their success will enable personalized treatment for patients with GORD.

Indexed as

FundoplicationGastroesophageal RefluxHumansLaparoscopyProton Pump InhibitorsQuality of LifeRobotic Surgical ProceduresProton Pump Inhibitorsantireflux mucosal ablationLINX™magnetic sphincter augmentationRefluxStop™robotic antireflux surgerytransoral incisionless fundoplication

Identifiers

PMID41316734
PMCPMC12662798

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.