ArticleJournal of applied clinical medical physics2025
Clinical application of 3D-printed bolus in postmastectomy radiotherapy.
Article in Journal of applied clinical medical physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- 3D-Printed Bolus-Assisted Radiotherapy for Converting Unresectable Breast Cancer with a Breast Prosthesis into a Resectable Condition: A Case Report.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Clinical application of 3D-printed bolus in postmastectomy radiotherapy.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the fitting accuracy and dose influence of 3D-printed bolus (3DPB) during postmastectomy radiotherapy.
methodsAir gaps were assessed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for 27 breast cancer patients who received postmastectomy radiotherapy. Then a CIRS thoracic phantom was used to evaluate the dosimetric effects of different air gap sizes.
resultsIn CBCT images of patients, compared with conventional bolus (CB), 3DPB significantly reduced both the maximum and total air gap volumes by an average between 103.04 cm
conclusionsFor breast cancer radiotherapy patients immobilized using a vacuum bag, as evidenced by the CBCT images and phantom simulation, 3DPB provides a superior anatomical fit, reducing air gaps and associated dose loss in postmastectomy radiotherapy. When the air gap height ≤ 2 cm, dose attenuation with CB remains clinically acceptable, suggesting that 3D printing may not be necessary unless the skin in the gap area is at high risk for recurrence. However, for gaps > 2 cm, the dose reduction becomes significant, warranting the use of 3D-printed boluses to ensure adequate target coverage.
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