ArticleAnnals of neurology2026
The Epidemiology of Primary Lateral Sclerosis: Results from a Population-Based Cohort.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Early Cognitive and Behavioral Changes in Primary Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveIn this population-based study, we described the epidemiology of primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) in northern Italy and compared the clinical characteristics of patients with PLS to those with predominant upper motor neuron (PUMN) involvement and classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
methodsPatients from the PARALS registry diagnosed with probable or definite PLS between 2007 and 2021 were included. Crude annual incidence rates were calculated, along with age- and sex-specific rates. A survival analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors at diagnosis. Covariates included sex, age at onset, site of onset, diagnostic delay, forced vital capacity (FVC), change in ALS Functional Rating Scale (ΔFRS), and change in body mass index (ΔBMI).
resultsA total of 57 PLS patients (2.7%) were included, with a crude incidence rate of 0.084 per 100,000 person-years. Compared to PUMN and classic ALS, PLS patients were younger (median onset age 63.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 54.9-70.4) and predominantly female (male-to-female ratio 0.58). Bulbar onset occurred in 11 cases (19.3%), all of whom later developed spinal symptoms. At censoring, 38 patients (66.7%) were still alive (median survival 8.3 years, IQR 5.7-12.3), corresponding to a point prevalence of 0.89 per 100,000. Survival was significantly associated with age at onset (hazard ratio [HR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.33, p = 0.001), male sex (HR 4.41, 95% CI: 1.24-15.6, p = 0.02), and FVC at diagnosis (HR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98, p = 0.006).
interpretationPLS was confirmed to be rarer than other ALS phenotypes. Patients had a higher age at onset than previously reported and a female predominance. Sex, age at onset, and respiratory function were key prognostic factors. ANN NEUROL 2026;99:606-613.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.