ArticleBMC oral health2025
Skeletal deformities and surgical procedures in orthognathic surgery patients: a 10-Year retrospective analysis of 1095 cases.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biomechanical Evaluation of Patient-Specific Titanium Fixation Systems for Segmental Le Fort I Osteotomy: A Finite Element Analysis.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Nasal sill resection concomitant with maxillary orthognathic surgery for the management of alar base widening.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Decision-Making in Unilateral Progressive Condylar Growth of the Mandible: Biological Insights and the Role of Proportional Condylectomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Skeletal Characteristics and Clinical Treatment Patterns in Orthognathic Surgery: A Virtual Surgical Planning-Based Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Latent profiles and associated factors of readiness for hospital discharge among patients undergoing orthognathic surgery: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Clinical and perioperative outcomes of computer-guided versus conventional plan-transfer workflows in orthognathic surgery for skeletal anterior open bite: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOrthognathic surgery is a well-established method for correcting skeletal dentofacial deformities. Despite its widespread application, large-scale data describing deformity prevalence and the distribution of surgical approaches remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of skeletal deformities and orthognathic surgical procedures in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery.
methodsIn this retrospective study, the radiographic records of 1095 patients (663 females, 432 males; aged 16-65 years; mean age: 23.07 ± 5.6 years) treated between 2014 and 2024 were analyzed. Sagittal deformities were classified using the ANB angle as Class I (0° ≤ ANB ≤ 4°), Class II (ANB > 4°), and Class III (ANB < 0°), supported by Wits appraisal, overjet, and soft tissue profile evaluation. Maxillary transverse deficiency was diagnosed clinically or radiographically, with surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) recorded as the treatment modality. Surgical procedures included Le Fort I, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), segmental osteotomy, distraction osteogenesis, condylectomy, and genioplasty. Patients were further classified by sequencing (maxilla-first vs. mandible-first) and protocol (surgery-first vs. orthodontics-first).
resultsClass III deformity was most frequent (71.3%), followed by Class II (17.6%) and Class I (2.1%). Maxillary transverse deficiency was observed in 8.9% of patients (34.7% Class I, 29.6% Class II, 35.7% Class III), for whom surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) was performed as the treatment modality. Asymmetry was found in 10.8% of patients (1.6% with condylectomy), anterior open bite in 11.5%, vertical maxillary excess in 1.3%, and cleft lip/palate in 1.9%. Genioplasty was performed in 7.9%. Rarely, segmental osteotomy (0.7%) or mandibular distraction (0.3%) was applied. The most frequent procedure was bimaxillary surgery involving Le Fort I and BSSO (69.1%). Maxilla-first sequencing was preferred in 91.4% of bimaxillary cases, while 1.2% underwent surgery-first treatment.
conclusionIn this large cohort, the maxilla-first approach was predominantly preferred in bimaxillary surgery, with most patients being young adult females with skeletal Class III deformities. Maxillary transverse deficiency (8.9%) was managed with SARPE, while the rarity of surgery-first protocols reflected case complexity. These findings underscore the importance of individualized planning, patient counseling, and the integration of digital technologies to optimize outcomes in diverse dentofacial deformities.
trial registrationNot applicable. This was a retrospective observational study and did not involve any prospective health care intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.