Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41316107›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2025

Global burden of early-onset mental disorders in adolescents and young adults: a systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Shi-Nan Wu, Rongqiang Liu, Lin Chen, Shao-Pan Wang, Xiao-Dong Chen, Dan-Yi Qin, Bing Yan, Shu-Jia Guo, Cai-Hong Huang, Jiaoyue Hu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shi-Nan Wu *Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Rongqiang Liu *Department of Organ Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, China.
Lin Chen *Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Shao-Pan WangXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Xiao-Dong ChenXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Dan-Yi QinXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Bing YanXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Shu-Jia GuoXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Cai-Hong HuangXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Jiaoyue HuXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China. mydear_22000@163.com.
Zuguo LiuXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 401 Chengyi Build, Xiang-an Campus, South Xiang-an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China. zuguoliu@xmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMental disorders represent a major global health challenge. This study aims to quantify the burden of mental disorders among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15–39) from 1990 to 2021 at global, regional, and national levels, to examine temporal trends and regional disparities, and to assess changes relative to 2019, providing evidence to inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

methodsWe analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data from 1990 to 2021 to assess the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates of mental disorders (including anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders, conduct disorder, eating disorders, schizophrenia, attention−deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, depressive disorders, idiopathic developmental intellectual disability and other mental disorders) among AYA, stratified by age, gender, sociodemographic index and region.

resultsIn 1990, the number of incident cases of mental disorders was 120.4 million (94.1 to 153.9 million), increasing to 156.8 million (121.5 to 202.1 million) in 2019, and reaching 195.3 million (149.9 to 253.0 million) in 2021. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was 5512.73 (4310.87 to 7039.93) in 1990, 5332.9 (4129.93 to 6875.31) in 2019, and 6561.63 (5034.48 to 8502.24) in 2021. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) in ASIR from 1990 to 2019 was −0.12 (−0.13 to −0.1), while from 2019 to 2021, the AAPC sharply increased to 12.15 (7.91 to 15.18). Globally, depressive disorders accounted for the highest number of incident mental disorder cases, while depressive disorders and anxiety disorders were the leading contributors to DALYs.

conclusionsSince 2019, the incidence of mental disorders among AYAs has risen markedly, with anxiety and depressive disorders accounting for the largest share of the burden. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted, evidence-based public health interventions and proactive mental health strategies to address emerging challenges and reduce the long-term burden on this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Global Burden of DiseaseMental DisordersAdolescentAdultAge of OnsetDisability-Adjusted Life YearsFemaleGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceMaleYoung AdultAnxiety disordersDepressive disordersDisability-adjusted life-yearsIncidenceMental disorders

Identifiers

PMID41316107
PMCPMC12664177

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.