ArticleBMC cancer2025
Real-world evidence of nivolumab monotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma from a multicenter retrospective cohort study by the Spanish Genitourinary Oncology Group.
Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunotherapy in urological cancers: new paradigms and a systematic review of clinical trials and real-world evidence.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Nivolumab in previously treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma: real-world data from the Czech Republic and Slovakia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
39 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe efficacy of nivolumab for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) has been evaluated in real-world evidence (RWE) studies across several European countries, yet data from Spain have been lacking. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe conducted a multicenter, retrospective study of 222 previously treated aRCC patients to assess the efficacy of nivolumab and the influence of pre-treatment factors on clinical outcomes across 13 Spanish centers. Eligible patients had received at least one dose of nivolumab in routine clinical practice. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic records. Efficacy endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and overall response rate (ORR). Survival estimates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and groups were compared with the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate factors independently associated with OS. Factors associated with disease control (DC) and response were tested with logistic regression in univariable and multivariable analyses. Comparisons between patient and disease characteristics were carried out using Fisher's exact test. All P values were two-sided, and those < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results were contextualized with key clinical experiences involving nivolumab monotherapy in aRCC.
resultsWith a median follow-up of 14.6 months, median overall survival (OS) was 18.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.2-23.7 months), and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.96 months (95% CI, 3.98-7.13). The disease control rate was 51% (95% CI, 45-58%), and the objective response rate was 23% (95% CI, 18-30%). Poor International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk score was independently associated with shorter OS, while prior nephrectomy predicted improved OS. Poor IMDC risk and ≥ 3 metastatic sites were independently associated with shorter PFS; ≥ 3 metastatic sites also correlated with reduced disease control.
conclusionConsistent with previous clinical trials and RWE studies, our findings reinforce the efficacy of nivolumab in routine clinical practice for an unselected cohort of previously treated aRCC patients in Spain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.