ArticleScientific reports2025
Hybrid quantum-classical stochastic programming for co-planning 5G base stations and photovoltaic power stations in urban communities.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The rapid deployment of Fifth-generation base stations (5G BSs) in urban communities has led to rising electricity costs for mobile network operators. Meanwhile, distributed photovoltaic power plants (PVs) provide a promising solution to offset energy expenses and reduce renewable energy curtailment. This study proposes a hybrid quantum-classical two-stage stochastic programming approach for the co-planning of BSs and PVs in urban communities. In the first stage, warm-start quantum annealing is employed to determine BS deployment locations and capacities. In the second stage, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to evaluate and improve the operational performance of the integrated BS-PV system. Case study results show that the proposed method reduces total planning costs to one-third compared to traditional experience-based strategies, enhances PV utilization by 12.53%, reduces electricity costs by 51.04%, and achieves over 5.4 times improvement in computational efficiency. These results demonstrate not only technical advantages but also practical value in supporting cost-effective and low-carbon urban infrastructure planning.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.