Observational studyNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026
An observational study on multidrug resistance in pediatric patients with urinary tract infections.
Observational study in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biofilm-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in PediatricAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multidrug-resistant uropathogens in pediatric urinary tract infections: a multicenter retrospective trend analysis (2020-2024).Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of morbidity, with Escherichia coli as the leading pathogen. Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicates management, particularly in resource-limited settings where data is scarce. A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months among 80 children (< 18 years) with culture-confirmed UTIs at a tertiary care hospital. Uropathogens were identified using standard biochemical and automated methods, and antibacterial susceptibility was assessed by VITEK 2 and disk diffusion per CLSI guidelines. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to ≥ 1 agent in ≥ 3 antibacterial classes. UTIs were most frequent in early childhood (62.5%), with a higher prevalence in females (58.8%). Gram-negative organisms accounted for 81.3% of isolates. Escherichia coli (58.8%) was the predominant uropathogen, followed by Enterococcus spp. (17.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.0%). Escherichia coli demonstrated high resistance to nalidixic acid (84.4%), ampicillin (78.1%), and ciprofloxacin (78.1%), while maintaining high susceptibility to fosfomycin (90.6%), ertapenem (81.3%), gentamicin (71.9%), and nitrofurantoin (71.9%). Enterococcus spp. exhibited high resistance to tetracycline (64.3%), and levofloxacin (63%). but remained sensitive to linezolid (93.27%), vancomycin (85.71%), teicoplanin (78.57%), and tigecycline (71.4%). A substantial proportion of isolates were multidrug-resistant, limiting therapeutic options. Escherichia coli remains the leading cause of Pediatric UTIs, but high resistance to commonly prescribed antibacterials underscores the need for cautious empirical therapy. Fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, and carbapenems retain efficacy, though over-reliance may accelerate resistance. Regular, pediatric-specific AMR surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs are essential to preserve treatment efficacy and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41315162What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.