ArticleClinical oral investigations2025
The association between gingivitis and SARS-CoV-2 colonization of subgingival biofilm in COVID-19 individuals: a cross-sectional preliminary study.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the subgingival biofilm of COVID-19 individuals and its association with generalized gingivitis. MATERIALS AND
methodsA pool of subgingival biofilm samples was collected from 80 individuals, 59 with and 21 without COVID-19, after periodontal diagnosis (classified as periodontally healthy or generalized gingivitis). Samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by qRT-PCR. Binary logistic regression and Mann-Whitney test were applied to evaluate associations between the presence and amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the biofilm and the presence of gingivitis (p < 0.05).
resultsSARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the subgingival biofilm of 35.6% (n = 21) of individuals with COVID-19 but not in individuals without COVID-19. In the COVID-19 group, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in periodontally healthy individuals (47.6%) and those with gingivitis (52.4%). After adjusting for covariates, SARS-CoV-2 in dental biofilm was associated with 7.25-fold higher odds of generalized gingivitis (OR = 7.25; 95% CI: 1.41-37.33; p = 0.02).
conclusionSARS-CoV-2 was detected in subgingival biofilms of COVID-19-positive individuals and was associated with an increased chance of gingivitis, providing preliminary evidence of a potential role of the virus in gingival inflammation. However, a bidirectional relationship may be present, as gingival inflammation could also create a more favorable environment for viral colonization of the subgingival biofilm. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Maintaining periodontal health during and after COVID-19 infection may be important not only for oral well-being but also for mitigating viral persistence and its inflammatory effects.
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