Trial reportEuropean addiction research2025
Effects of Biperiden (Cholinergic Muscarinic m1/m4 Receptor Antagonist) on Craving Nicotine: A Proof-Of-Concept Clinical Study.
Trial report in European addiction research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
<p>Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of biperiden on nicotine craving in a proof-of-concept clinical study.
methodThe study involved 46 male participants (mean age: 45.3 ± 9.31 years) who smoked an average of 20.8 (10.0) cigarettes per day. Participants were randomly assigned to either a biperiden (4 mg/day) or placebo group, with treatment lasting 7 days. The outcomes were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 7 days (T1) using self-reported questionnaires, including the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges-Brief, the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire, and the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories.
resultsRepeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant time × treatment interaction between cigarette consumption (p < 0.001, <inline-formula><mml:math id="m1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>η</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">p</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = 0.340) and craving (p = 0.002, <inline-formula><mml:math id="m2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>η</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">p</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = 0.203), indicating that participants in the biperiden group showed greater reductions than those receiving placebo. For dependence, anxiety, and depression, only the main effect of time was significant (p < 0.05), suggesting general improvement across both groups. Ethnicity did not significantly influence any outcomes, and no relevant adverse effects were reported.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that biperiden may represent a promising pharmacological approach for reducing nicotine craving. Further studies with prolonged administration are warranted to evaluate its therapeutic potential for smoking cessation. </p>.
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